Bch210 - Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

BCH210 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWER 2024

Functions of biological membranes correct answer: - barrier (import/export) -compartmentalization of essential molecules (incrs. efficiency) - cell signaling-mediated by pr & lipids (receptors) - modulate cell-cell recognition (glycoproteins & glycolipids) What's responsible for membrane formation correct answer: decrease in ionic interactions w/ h2o (HYDROPHOBIC EFFECT) -h20X tails aggregate to hide from h2o (lots of n-c interactions) -polar heads interact w/ h2o Decreases membrane ...

functions of the membrane correct answer: -the structure of the membrane is key for its function -act as a barrier regulating import and export of molecules -help with compartmentalization of the cell, creating particular environments for certain processes so multiple specialized processes could occur at once -modulates cell-cell recognition with their glycoproteins and glycolipids located on the outer leaflet facing the cytosol -signaling across the membrane by proteins and lipids p...

identify all the polar amino acids correct answer: cysteine (cys), asparatate (asp), glutamate (glu), histidine (his) , lysine (lys), asparagine (asn), arginine (arg), serine (ser), threonine (thr), and glutamine (gln) identify all the nonpolar (hydrophobic) amino acids correct answer: alanine (ala), proline (pro), phenylalanine (phe), valine (val), leucine (leu), and isoleucine (ile) identify all of the amphipathic/mixed properties amino acids: correct answer: methionine (met), tyrosin...

agarose and agar correct answer: polysaccharides used to run DNA gels and for microbial plates bacterial cell walls correct answer: contain polysaccharides in their peptidoglycan layer lectins correct answer: are proteins that bind to sugars protein glycolsylation correct answer: assists in folding and cellular recognition, e.g. ABO blood groups -ose correct answer: indicates a molecule is some kind of carb blood group antigens correct answer: glycoproteins containing differ...

sucrose correct answer: glucose + fructose with a glycosidic bond simple monosaccharide correct answer: formula: (CH2O)n -simplest carbohydrates -have an aldehyde or ketone group sugars with a aldehyde have a prefix aldo- sugars with a ketone group have a prefix keto- -if a ketose, the ketone group is always at carbon 2- this decreases the amount of isomers that could form -made up of chiral carbons- allowing the sugars to form different isomers, leading to structural diversity (aldos...

types of lipids (purpose) correct answer: storage, structural, and signalling fatty acid chemical structure and charge correct answer: - fatty part is the carbon chain - acid part is carboxyl group (-COOH) - negatively charged which conformations of saturated fatty acids are most stable? correct answer: - anti conformation - extended conformation unsaturated fatty acids correct answer: double bonds are almost always in cis conformation which results in kinks in structure mono-...

van der Waals correct answer: -weakest (short lives) but lots could strengthen the bond -furthest distance -form as a result of hydrophobic interactions -strength depends on the size of the atoms and the distance between them -cannot be closer than the Van der Waals contact distance or else positively charged nuclei will repel each other (energy= 0) Proteins correct answer: main action molecule of the cell (Most chemical processes of the body are carried out by proteins) -classified in...

Essential Membrane Functions correct answer: act as barrier regulate import and export of molecules compartmentalization of processes increases efficiency membrane properties correct answer: composed of lipid bilayer impermeable to polar molecules asymmetric membrane fluidity correct answer: lipids and proteins rotate or move within bilayer; allows cell movement, growth, division, secretion, cell junction formation, and self-heal if punctured comformational changes mediate fluid...

proteins correct answer: polymers of amino acids linked in a linear chain by peptide/amide bonds (polypeptides) polysaccharides correct answer: polymers of sugars (mono-saccharides) linked in linear and branched chains by glycosidic bonds DNA correct answer: polymers of nucleotides linked in linear chains by phosphodiester bonds protein enzymes correct answer: Linkages (bonds) are formed/broken by _______? sickle cell anemia correct answer: a single amino acid change in hemoglob...