Interview

Biochemistry

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Course
Biology

Institution
12th Grade

Book
Nelson Biology 12

Overview on the biochemistry unit in grade 12 biology classes. Covers textbook topics as well as in-class notes. Topics include: functional groups, carbohydrates, lipids, protein, enzymes as well as membranes and transport. Also includes a "Quick Overview" section with links to youtube videos and q...

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Uploaded on January 6, 2023
Number of pages 7
Written in 2022/2023
Type Interview
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functional groups
hydroxyl
carbonyl
carboxyl
amino
phosphate
sulfhydryl
carbohydrate
monosaccharide
isomer
polysaccharide
amino acids
proteins
peptides
protein structures
denaturation
enzymes
substrat

Institution Secondary school
Education 12th Grade
Course Biology
School year 4

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Functional Groups
Quick Resources:

https://quizlet.com/_bz4wwe?x=1jqt&i=2matcs

Overview of Functional Groups
Functional groups are reactive clusters of atoms in molecules

Have predictable chemical properties

(ie. Carboxyl groups have acid properties)

Chemical formulas
Hydrocarbon chains can be shown as:

F1

F2- vertex of the hydrocarbon chain is an implied
carbon. Attached to each carbon are hydrogens
F3

An R or R’ denotes other parts of the molecule (think of R as the “rest of the
molecule”)

Functional Groups 1

, carbon can assemble into a variety of chain and ring structures

capable of forming up to four covalent bonds with other atoms

mostly with hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur

the smallest hydrocarbon chain is methane (CH4 )

carbon atoms can form chains that branch

Functional Groups
carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids undergo synthesis and
degradation in living organisms through interactions between small reactive groups
of atoms called functional groups

they are usually ionic or strongly polar

attract other polar or ionic molecules, such as water

the non-polar parts of the molecule do not attract other molecules, so they do
not help to initiate chemical reactions

functional groups on large molecules interact with other molecules and introduce
different types of bonding

⚛ functional group: a group of atoms that affects the function of a molecule by
participating in chemical reactions

Functional Groups 2

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