These are my favourite and most effective type of study notes! The entire topic of Approaches has been put into a set of questions and answers to promote active recall and preparation for exam questions! Includes AO1, AO2 and AO3.
Study notes from lectures, textbooks and revision videos including...
Origins of psychology
1. What is Wundt’s contribution to psychology?
2. What was Wundt’s aim?
3. What is introspection?
4. What does structuralism mean?
5. What is one strength of Wundt’s work?
6. What is one limitation of Wundt’s work?
7. Who criticised introspection and why (1900s) ?
8. What metaphor are cognitive approach psychologists associated with (50s) ?
9. How has advancements in technology influenced the biological approach (80s) ?
10. What is one strength of psychology as a science?
11. What is one limitation of psychology as a science?
Learning approaches
The behaviouralist approach:
1. What is the behaviourist approach?
2. What is the main principle of the behavioral approach?
3. What is classical conditioning and who demonstrated it?
4. What is operant conditioning and who established it?
5. What is positive reinforcement?
6. What is negative reinforcement?
7. What is punishment?
8. What is a methodological strength of the behavioural approach?
9. What is a methodological weakness of the behavioural approach?
10. Does the behaviouralist approach have real world application?
11. What is a deterministic criticism of the behaviouralist approach?
12. What is the ethical standpoint of the behaviouralist approach?
Social learning theory:
1. What is social learning theory?
2. What is the bobo doll study and who conducted it?
3. What did a follow up of the bobo doll study show?
4. What is vicarious reinforcement?
5. What is meant by mediational processes?
6. What were the 4 mediational processes identified by Bandura?
7. What is meant by identification?
8. Does social learning theory provide a more comprehensive explanation of learning?
9. Does recent research on biological influences affect social learning theory?
10. How does the reliance of lab studies affect the validity of social learning theory?
11. Does social learning theory have real world application?
12. What is reciprocal determinism and how does it apply?
The cognitive approach
1. What is the cognitive approach?
2. What are some examples of mental processes?
3. What is an inference in terms of the cognitive approach?
4. What is a schema?
5. What models do cognitive psychologists use?
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