1.1. How are coastal landscapes developed?
4a. Human activity intentionally causes change within coastal landscape systems (Sandbanks, Dorset &
Goose Spit, Vancouver)
Sandbanks, Dorset
What human management strategy is being implemented?
What human management strategy is being implemented?
Coastal management = 11 rock groynes implemented in 2011 on the SE
Coastal management = beach nourishment (2005/6) – natural buffer Peninsula made of local (cheaper) Portland limestone, located in front of The
Soft management (AO2) Pavilion, on Sandbanks beach = hard structural management - very durable
material (3 – 6 tonnes) = highlights the high level of investment in SLM plan –
Why is it being implemented? so much investment due to Sandbanks high economic value
To reduce rate of erosion (at Shore Road, the spit is only 50m wide & without Why is it being implemented?
management, erosion of land would occur at 1m/yr)
If no management strategies are applied £18mill of damage to residential To result in widened beaches (50m on average), disrupt flow of LSD & trap
properties will occur by 2040 sediment
To reduce risk of flooding - parts of Sandbanks – Shore Road is only 2m above sea
level, this road is the only access point to Sandbanks area (high economic value) –
Intentional impacts:
flooding generally occurs during storm events but threats of sea level rise
increase the chance of this happening Maintenance of the beach sediment store which is important for tourism &
Prevailing winds coming from SW (Atlantic) – long fetch results in waves having because the beach is a natural buffer for wave energy = reducing the likelihood
lots of energy which cause higher rates of erosion & a greater chance of flooding of flooding
The higher the wave energy the higher the risk of overtop
Intentional impacts: Unintentional impacts:
The distal end of the spit is starved of sediment as groynes disrupt the flow of
To increase beach sediment budget/store LSD, therefore causing the spit store to diminish in size - natural protection
To widen the beach against wave energy is reduced
To make it steeper (dissipates wave energy as waves have to travel over the HOW DOES THE LANDFORM CHANGE? Steeper beach profile - reduces chance
beach) of flooding & loss of sediment
HOW DOES THE LANDFORM CHANGE? Gradient of beach increases & full length
of the Pavilion beach was renourished
Consequence of this landform change:
Consequence of this landform change:
Distal end of spit at risk of erosion from swell waves from cross channel ferries
Additional beach sediment acted as a substrate (underlying layer) for pioneer More rock groynes & rock armour at distal end - lots of investment
species e.g. marram grass colonised
Roots of vegetation helped to stabilise the sediment = less susceptible to erosion
Grasses would also trap sediment, further increasing the gradient of the beach –
further increasing the sediment in this store
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