Opportunities created by migration:
Fills skill gaps (social/economic):
2.2. What are the issues associated with unequal- flows ofin global
23% of all workers info technology & hi-tech m
- 1/5 of workers in low skilled jobs including constr
migration? - 42% of Asian immigrants work in jobs where an
programmers
- In 2018, 43% of immigrant workers worked in jo
3a. Global migration creates opportunities and challenges which 28% of US born workers
reflect the unequal power relations between countries (USA)
Offset an ageing population (social):
- Low birth rate can lead to: decline in the labour
Located in North America home prices due to weaker demand), & a slowing
Bordered on the west by the Pacific Ocean, east by the Atlantic - A low birth rate combined with the aging of the
Ocean, north border is Canada & south border is Mexico improve our ratio of workers to retirees and supp
HDI value was 0.920 (2018), since 1990, the HDI value increased by - By 2035, the Census Bureau projects, there will b
7% or older, down from 4.7 working-age adults in 20
45 mill people were living in poverty (2018), approx 1.4 million fewer
Contribute to the economy and generate wealth (e
people than 2017 - Immigrants pay the same taxes we all do which h
Multi-party system. Democratic Party & Republican Party are the everywhere
most powerful - In 2014, immigrants paid an estimated $328 b
quarter of all taxes in California, and nearly a qua
Patterns of emigration: - Undocumented immigrants paid $11.7 billion in
Patterns of immigration:
would likely earn more money, so more of their
Although the USA has a positive net USA has a larger immigrant population than any other migrants). Removal of undocumented workers w
migration, some people do leave the USA. - In 2014, immigrants earned a total of $1.3 trillion
country, 47 million immigrants (2015). This represents 20%
this revenue goes back into the economy, (pr
In 2016, there were approx 9 million of the 244 million international migrants worldwide. The services, which help create jobs
Americans living abroad. main contributors to the immigrant population were:
The top 5 destinations were (in order); Mexico (28%), India (5%) & China (5%)
Challenges created by migration:
Mexico, India, Germany, Philippines and There has been rapid growth in the number of immigrants
Dominican Republic. entering the USA in the 21st century, but there are signs Unauthorised/illegal immigration across the borde
Some of the emigration is American that the rate of increase is starting to slow down. - In 2017, 43% of the Mexican immigrants living
people moving for high skilled jobs in - There is a 2000 km border between the USA an
Immigrants are attracted to the USA because:
guards the border & tries to prevent illegal im
education, IT and communications (India, - high skilled and low skilled employment opportunities dollars for border patrols and prisons.
Germany) or retirement. But much of the - higher wages and the opportunity to send home - In 2019, Trump & his administration tried lot
emigration could be explained by remittances border officials decreased number of asylum ca
returning migrants re-joining their - educational opportunities migrant children were separated from their par
families, particularly Mexico - Access to health services anyone found crossing illegally
Poor integration of migrants into society (social):
Migration policy and interdependence with Mexico - In July 2017, 48% of Muslims experienced at le
