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G1 metal Hydrogen, Lithium, Sodium, Potassium, Rubidium,
Cesium, Francium
They all react with water
Element Observations when they react with water
Lithium - L Effervescent, floats around, fizzes
Sodium - Na Glowed, reacts more vigorously, moves in
circular direction, dissolves, effervescent
Potassium - K Lilac flame, dissolves, most vigorous,
effervescent
Group 1 elements will react vigorously with water, becoming a more effervescent
as you go down. Hydrogen gas is produced which sometimes catches fire. An
alkali is left behind in solution, this is why they are called alkali metals. It turns
blue black when the water also has universal indicator inside it.
Group 1 metals want to lose their outer shell:
- As you go down there are more shells meaning the atomic radius is larger,
this means that the outermost shell has a weak electrostatic force of
attraction to the nucleus so less energy is needed to remove the one
electron.
- Increase in shielding (outer electrons further away from nucleus)
,
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