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Summary Charles I & Political Instability
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The Quest for Political Stability- 17th century Chapter OneWhy did the monarchical Government fail in the years 1625-49? 7 Topics
KEY
Events Dates Acts passed
The reign of Charles I: Topic 1
March 1625- Charles became king of the kingdom’s this was England, Ireland and Scotland. There were already many problems coming to the
surface. Charles had a very stubborn nature; he inherited his belief in divine right. That he was chosen by God and only answerable to him only.
These conflicts led him to rule without parliament as a personal rule, after this ended it led to further tension with parliament resorting in two
Civil wars and his Execution.
Date Factor Issue Who’s How does it cause tension between the
actions king and parliament?
Marriage – Religion He married Henrietta Maria who was a French princess Charles and Many of the MPs in parliament were
May 1625 Foreign policy and catholic too. She started to make her own court of Buckingham puritans (strict protestants) and they
catholic advisers. Charles I also started to show more had were worried that their country may be
religiously sympathetic towards Armenian clergy, and negotiated Catholic due to the heirs and more
promoting them. the marriage influence too. - Charles II the promotion
of an Armenian is seen as an Issues as
he is more Catholic
June 1625 Finance and political Commons were attacked tonnage and poundage granted Parliament This caused tension because Charles
to Charles for only 1 year and Charles never discussed anything with
A Cadiz expedition fails parliament, poor relations with foreign
Buckingham countries. A disaster for Buckingham
shows his power going downhill.
Parliament ----------------- --------------------------------
dissolved
June 1626 Political Impeachment of Buckingham talks continues. What Parliament Tension because parliament will act
happens is that Charles dissolves parliament again. against him
, Sept 1626 Financial Charles demanding a forced loan Charles Illegal MPs don’t agree
Parliament
Feb 1627 Foreign policy War against France policy encouraged by Buckingham. Buckingham War with other countries not being
Financial Charles starts to fight the war without support from and Charles resolved. Taxing people illegally
parliament and money e.g ship money raised.
Oct same year Foreign policy and Il De Rochelle a failed attempt to support a protestant Buckingham Can’t solve anything goes against
financial rebellion parliament
November Financial They had refused to pay a forced loan, had been Charles Illegal Petition of Right And trial before
same year imprisoned and sued for release. Also refused the Prerogative seen guilty
opportunity to go to court due the king claiming a right to courts
arrest. The five knights case
1628 Charles Political June- petition of right, citizens won’t be forced to pay the Parliament Charles accepted the petition of right
3rd parliament forced loan or imprisoned without a trial. July – William when he revised it so that he could take
Laud promoted to bishop of London Aug- Buckingham tonnage and poundage.
assassinated MPs cheers his death.
1629 March Political Black old comes and MPs don’t let him in. The speaker is This was seen as too extreme by some
held in his chair until resolutions are passed, he is trying to MPs and also. Made Charles I angry as
end parliament. the MPs were refusing to pass anything
This was the common protestation. he wanted. Common’s protestations
they said that if anyone tried change
religion or Introduce popery, raise
subsides for Tonnage and Poundage not
granted by parliament, and if they pay
these illegal taxes voluntarily were all a
betrayer of the liberties of England or
kingdom
Some questions to think about
⮚ What factor can be seen as the most significant in causing tension between Charles I and Parliament?
⮚ How can this factor be seen as less significant in causing tension in contrast to another factor That can Also be seen as causing tension?
⮚ What is the significance of Charles' continuous dissolving of Parliament?
⮚ Can Charles be seen as an absolute monarch?
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