Answering a 12 mark A Level Geography Superpower/Globalisation question of the impacts of emerging superpowers. This essay talks about China and India and how they are players in renewable energy, the effects of industrialisation on the environment such as in China, and international agreements and...
Assess whether emerging superpowers are having a more positive impact on the
environment than current superpowers.
The rise of emerging superpowers has sparked debates about their environmental impact
compared to current superpowers. This assessment aims to evaluate whether emerging
superpowers are having a more positive impact on the environment than current
superpowers. It will explore key factors such as environmental policies, renewable energy
investments, international commitments, and ecological footprints to provide a
comprehensive analysis.
Emerging superpowers, such as China and India, have made significant strides in adopting
environmental policies and investing in renewable energy. China, for instance, is the world's
largest investor in renewable energy and has set ambitious targets to reduce carbon
emissions. In 2020, China allocated approximately $57 billion to environmental protection,
showcasing its commitment to sustainable development. These efforts contribute to a more
positive environmental impact by reducing reliance on fossil fuels and promoting cleaner
energy alternatives.
Additionally, emerging superpowers have been active participants in international
agreements and initiatives. India, for example, is a signatory of the Paris Agreement and has
committed to reducing its greenhouse gas emissions intensity. With its ambitious renewable
energy targets, India has emerged as a global leader in solar energy adoption. The country
has invested heavily in solar power, with a goal of achieving 450 gigawatts of renewable
energy capacity by 2030. Such commitments and investments demonstrate emerging
superpowers' dedication to addressing climate change and promoting sustainable practices.
On the other hand, emerging superpowers face challenges in balancing economic growth
with environmental conservation. Rapid industrialization and urbanisation often result in
increased pollution levels and resource consumption. For example, as China experiences
substantial economic growth, it faces environmental concerns related to air and water
pollution, deforestation, and waste management. The scale and pace of development in
emerging superpowers can strain ecosystems and contribute to environmental degradation.
As China went through rapid industrialisation in the late 90s until 2014, China’s carbon
emissions yearly grew over 2000 million tonnes.
Moreover, the transition to renewable energy sources is a complex process that requires
substantial investments and technological advancements. Emerging superpowers may still
heavily rely on fossil fuels due to their abundant domestic reserves and increasing energy
demands. This reliance can lead to higher carbon emissions and exacerbate climate
change. For instance, despite China's investments in renewable energy, its high coal
consumption continues to contribute significantly to global carbon emissions.
In conclusion, the impact of emerging superpowers on the environment is a complex and
multifaceted issue. While they have shown positive efforts through the adoption of
environmental policies, investment in renewable energy, and participation in international
agreements, challenges such as rapid industrialization and the reliance on fossil fuels
persist. It is crucial for emerging superpowers to strike a balance between economic growth
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