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Summary Alevel OCR Biology A notes on Photosynthesis
Alevel OCR Biology A notes on Photosynthesis from an A* Biology student
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Photosynthesis permeable outer layer lice small-
molecule (
I
-
chloroplasts double
-
membrane envelope inver membrace:
transport protein:certain morecules/inn can enter/leave
↳
Stroma thylanoide (flatened shid filled sacs) 70s ribosomes DNAloop starch grains
= +
+ +
-
thylaucid membrace pigments, enzymes
=
election
+
carriers
-
Hylancial stack:
grana, connected by lamellal
grand membrane:large surface areat many pigment
4
molecules: light absorption plotosystems
=
selectivetransparproteinconnectareen
Merma
!)}@#5.
~>
3 envelope
asananaputs
grain
e
↓
/ light absorptich
stroma
photosystems-t ylaloid membrace =
light independent
dI**I
d grana= light
absorb
light energy
dependent
7
↓
surrounds grana
+
p roduct
membranes: transport rapid.
get like did has enzymes catalyse light independent stage
=
distance by pigmen
rf distance by scent
-
=
accessary pigments surrounding primary pigment:similar different
+
wavelengths
(yellow-green)
chlorophyle=a
chomarcgraphy
-
b
+
(blue-green):reflect green light
-carotenoids =
B carotere (orange) Xanthophyle
+
(yellow)
3 separated by
-light dependent thylaucids
=
-> plotolysis
-light energy break down water: hydrogen ion, electrons 02
+
Hylahcid
in lumen
=protongradient:4 cone & H wren
in
(ETC)
-electrons in
electron transport chain withmembrace
=
HT
OILRIG
NADPHproduced when s troma
in + electrons combine w/NADP
=plotophosphorylation ATP
=
-
-Plotophosphorylation excited
=
electrons move along ETC, electron carries reduced (gaindectrons +
oxidised (lose
->proton purp
electrons, gradually release actively transport
energy: protone across thylaloid membrace to
cycic" on cyclic wien=
proton graders:
p rotone return stroma
to via facilitated diffusion via transmembrane
↓ ↓
arePhoto batter- ATP synthase (chenicosmosis):ABD+Pi=AT
(PSI)
-
cyclic photophosphorylation:
election primary pigment
in excited to 4
energy wal (photoactivation), captured by
↓ electron acceptor
doesnt produce NADPH
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