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Summary Alevel OCR Biology A notes on Transport in Animals
Alevel OCR Biology A notes on Transport in Animals from an A* Biology student. Plus diagrams.
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intAWA@5E We
rear
w as
an en
we
Animals
Transport in
murenoonay-ness en
-take O2+ nutrients in, generated waste product released
-transpar distances, SA Ud (Porganism: ↓ SA.U=4 diffusion distance),
user organism more
-
a m :4amabdic acicit= on+
-mass slow:b ull movement of matrials, directed:i nvolves lore. (circulatory system)
>bring substances
quickly from one exchange site ->
another, maintain diffusion gradients, ensure effective all
activity.
-Circulatory system:a re way blood
flow/transport tick containing on, nutrients waste
+
-Fish=single exchange
circulatory system:dox blood from hear to
gills sites. Or blood from give body,
to blood hear
to
mannerinthe
cone serrum venricles
+
mammals:double
-
circulatory system:right - blood to left side ->
side
lungs, blood body
to
double
humans:
system
↓ aboa am pace i n an an overs man we are
Rosea, ↓ double circulation maintains higher blood pressure aurage
+
speed of How=
pulmonary systemic
circulatory circuldou
↑ pressure ettcient
system speed:steeper
+
cone gradery manicired= exchange.
system ↓
↓
deox
blood N
oxbody-closed blood pumped
system: around body b lood
in vescl
ungs
-open system:blood purped into
body cavities
Insects:t ubular
-
to dorsal
heart pumps haemdymph veces -> into haemowel(body cavity), haemolymph surrounds organs
+
reenters lead by ostia (1-way values).
blood clou
smooth, reduce friction:f re e
pube
>very
trica
=Or delivered directly tissues
to via tracheae intima endothelial
I
layer, connective tissue elastic libres
withstand lish pressure contac t
-strengthen
+
-> wiren
-arteries:b lood away from heart tissues (ligh Pa) turica media - smooth
muscle cells thick elastic tissue
- ↳ maintain BP, stetcht
terica adventitia collagen =
(prevents
recoil
-arterioles:
b lood -> damage)
into capillaries muscular layer:
conrac t
regulate
when: blood low.
-venwers:b lood from cepillaries -> hin ->
large lument little/no elastic libres, winecular layer
race
Him turica media -
dont need to withstand 4 Pa
-veins blood
=
heart
to (low Pas verge reduce
umen= friction
-
tro
values prevent
=
backflow
pulse
-Capillaries:thin, leavy walls substances leave
-
blood -
body tissues:
r etwar ns (capillary bed) exchange
=
surfaces
↳
small diameter (blood slower), large roof capillaries between call (shor dillusion distances, capillary single
wall:
endothelial layer (I call tick, parts (
Plasma 95%H20:
-
good scent-many substance dissolve it transport around body
=
=
in
-> too large to fitthrough pares
↳
plasma leak tissue did
through capillary pores= the proteine than plasmas
-
Tissue said: exchange substances between cell + blood
-
Hydrostatic pressure Pa exerted
=
by slid
:
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