Summary
Summary Alevel OCR Biology A notes on Communicable Diseases
Alevel OCR Biology A notes on Communicable Diseases from an A* biology student. Plus diagrams.
[Show more]
Connected book
Book Title:
Author(s):
- Edition:
- ISBN:
- Edition:
Seller
FollowContent preview
· endemic disease always present·
epidemic:l arge 4 void
in cases
large
·
pandemic:e pidemic becomes
scale international.
+
communicable Diseases
-Infections diseases caused -
by pathogens, transmissible (malria, HIV/AIDS, TB)
diseases degenerative diseases lung
-
non-infections -
long term cancer, cystic fibrosis)
-
Bacteria prohcryotes,
=
mostly pathoogenic
>
M. Tuberculosis: human TB, N. Meningitidis:h uman bacterial meningitis, Potato ring nor
Viruses
-
cellular structure, infect lose cells genetic material
replicate proteins.
=
no
-
+
↳
Tobacco virus= yellow plane leaves, Incluenza vins= human the, HIV= altech human immune
mosaic
system
-
Protoctista-
m icellular encryctes
↳
Plasmodium falciparum hman malaria,
=
P.mestans potato
=
blight
Frugi= euhcryotic cells (all wall +
large central vacuoles, hyphae)
↳
Cattle ringuorm athletes loor=
+
sin surface, Black Banana lingal disease
Sigaroha=
-Direct physical
transmission: compact, close
proximity, spares
-Indirect transmission vec tor
=
(insects, reproduce large
in numbers)
of pathogens susceptible individuals,
-
Transmission depends on presence + sale animals are reinstant
[
↑
factors affecting -high population dense areas injection rates
=
direct trans-
mission disease
Carring
-
monocultures large albreak
-
factor affecting
indirect transmission E biology of rectors weather
+ +
climate:population of rection
↳
Gemale mosquitoes favor high rainfall, temps
+
humidity:m alcria more common
tropics
in subtropics
+
↳
4 iod malaria epidemics due to
climatic + environmental changes
nuce of poverlytransmission of wman diseases (thygeire), human
movement-migration:population 4 connected
-Passive defence mechanisms:
physical barrier (waxy article, allose all wall, closed stomara, ban, semparian strip),
chemical defences:
pathogens cant grow on
plans space due acidid
to condition
(Toxins, stilly reim in back, enzyme inhibitor=
tannins, receptor molecules, compands enavaging
of competing microorganism).
growth
-
Active defence mechanisms -
cell all
walls:
signalling vital, hypersensitivity:
rapid death of tissue around infection site,
physical barrier=
reinforced cell wall (callose +
liguins, plasmodesmata narrowing, ingrowth
into xylemn ussels, phloem blockage.
-cell signalling (digest altoloses signals phytodexis
cellulase enzymes resulting molecules to all surface receptors:release
-
-
=
->long
term.
=salicylic acid= t o winfected
migrates creas: activate defence mechanisms:
systematic acquired resistance
=ethylene =
plant communication, ethylene vaporises: other leaves on same plan stimulated:recretion
, Humans
t
Pathogen
Method of Transmission
Type
Bacterium
virus
Indirect lemale mosquitos
Protoctist
-
Direct-contact injected
with cattle
Cattle
ringworm
Lingus items
Athlete's Direct-conserer with touched
by insected
assumeebrum
lost
+
individuals.
I
plants
Pathogen Disease method of
Host Pathogen transmission
Type caused
C. midiganese Direct-contact w/ other
Bacterium ring not Potato, tomato
infected tubers.
Direct-connect w/hal
ViWS TobaccoMosaic Tobacco Tobacco mosaic
virus
of insected plants
viws (TMV)
Indirect-vector (oplich)
-
Bananas M. Gijaneis Direct -
spares
Black Sigatoha
Cunque
-
Direct -
Spores
Protoctist late
blight potato, tomato P. infestans
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller lottiemcgowan1. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for £3.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
75057 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy revision notes and other study material for 14 years now