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Summary Breadth Topic 2 (Sinews of Power)
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This summary covers Breadth Topic 2:Sinews of Power of the Unit 30: Lancastrians, Yorkists Edexcel History (2015) course. As addressed on the first page, this document covers 1. Wealth + finance 2. Support of parliament 3. Brute force (in battles ) and foreign policy and how these ways ...

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  • July 24, 2023
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Lancastrians, Yorkists and Henry VII, 1399-1509 – Sinews of
Power

Significant nobles / Rebellious figures
Rebellions / battles
Dates
Treaties


2.1.1 Changes in the sinews of power : Royal Income


There were 4 ways to consolidate the power of the crown
1. Brute force (crushing rebellions / success in battle)
2. Wealth + finance
3. Support of parliament
4. Successful foreign policy




Royal Income
 Strong finances =
o Lavish court for propaganda
o Defence of the realm (Foreign + domestic threats)
o Offering of patronage
o Admin of gov departments (Chancery)
 Weak finances =
o Debt
o Defeat in war
o Loss of noble support (then rebellion)
o Forced to make concessions to parliament




Income (yearly) Problems
Richard II £110,000

, Henry IV £90,000  Weak finances = reason for rebellion
(Scrope)
 Led to tension w/ parliament  HV was put
in charge of HIV’s finances to help them
recover (parliament recommended HIV to
abdicate in favour of his son)

Henry V  French campaign started the growing debt

Henry VI £30,000  Debt grew to £370,000
 Loss of support from nobles + parliament –
made him massively unpopular

Edward IV £65,000  Had to overcome the debt of HVI (achieved
solvency in his 2nd reign)
 Introduced policies (debasing the coinage +
forced loans) – were not popular
 Raised taxes for a proposed French
campaign – seen as dishonourable when he
instead made a diplomatic settlement +
didn’t pay parliament back

Henry VII £110,000



 Finances began to fall under HIV due to a fall in tax revenue from the wool trade
(conflict w/ France)
 Finances struggled more under earlier Lancastrian kings – had to fund English
conquests in France w/ the 100YW


 Recovery under EdIV – improved efficiency in collecting rent, improved relations
w/ merchants, promoted trade w/ Burgundy, developed the Chamber to manage
finances + was diligent in collecting ‘Profits of Justice’

 Both EdIV + HVII were able to negotiate treaties w/ France to provide pensions to
support finances + ensure stability

o EdIV = Treaty of Picquigny (got a total of £85,000)
o HVII = Treaty of Etaples (got a total of 124,000)




Crown Lands

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