Summary
Summary ENTIRE SET OF GEOGRAPHY ALEVEL EDEXCEL PAPER 2 CASE STUDIES
- Module
- CASE STUDIES
- Institution
- PEARSON (PEARSON)
ENTIRE GEOGRAPHY ALEVEL EDEXCEL PAPER 2 CASE STUDIES. Helped me get an A*
[Show more]
Content preview
Geography Paper 2 case studiesEU Trade Bloc
-28 members
-single currency adopted by 19 countries
Schengen area (26 countries) removes barriers
-Integrated economic policy – CAP
-ECJ and European parliament = political globalisation
-uniform product, labour and environmental regulations
ASEAN Trade Bloc-10 members
-worked to eliminate tariffs in favour of free trade to promote peace and stability
-members pledge not to have nuclear weapons
-aims to coordinate responses to regional political issues
Chinas Open Door policy 1978
-previously communist, ODP lead to economic liberalisation and opening up of FDI
SEZ created in 1980s, exports increased by 9900% from 1980-2000
-joined WTO in 2001 (removed export restrictions on rare minerals)
Benefits
-By 2006 FDI per year = $60bn
-nearly 800m people lifted out of poverty
-TNCs can develop industry + comparative advantage
Negatives
-Poor working conditions
-censorship
-SEZ= legal restrictions relaxed e.g. chemical usage
-Wages becoming more competitive (potential to global shift to Vietnam)
Jaguar land rover – outsourcing and offshoring
Outsourcing from China – Chery Automobile
,Offshoring in Brazil and Slovakia + company merger with Austrian company
Glocalisation
CocaCola = kekou Kele in China
-adapt packaging and flavours to match domestic tastes
North Korea – Switched off
-NK= hereditary autocracy
Since 1955 its followed junche policy of self-sufficiency
-minimised trade, emigration and tourism is prohibited
-Few TNCs and FDI
-censorship – propaganda of Dictator
10% have internet use
Sahel region as Switched off
-colonial era boarders divide ethnic groups (civil wars)
-corruption and political unrest
-unattractive to FDI (climate and capital wise)
-lacks infrastructure, factor immobility- poor literacy rates and high transport costs (landlocked)
Climate= desertification, drought, climate change, locust
China Outsourcing (global shift) Winners
-low cost of labour
-extreme poverty fell – 800m lifted out of poverty
(poverty =84% in 1980 to 10% in 2016)
-hi-tech manufacturing boom
-increased global competition so downward pressure on price
-investment into infrastructure – high speed rail
, -education is free for 5-15 year olds
But
-20% earn less than $2 a day which the WB classifies as poverty
India outsourcing of services – Winners (BT call centres in Bangalore)
Pros
-middle class wages
-profitable for outsourcing companies
Cons
-widens inequality
-work can be repetitive or at night due to time zones
-works lack bargaining power
India outsourcing- Nike
-Bhopal Disaster 1984
-leaked toxic gas from industrial accident at Nike
= water and soil contaminated with chemicals causing respiratory disorders, cancer, stillbirths
-20,000 died
India – river gangees
-1bn untreated sewage a day +inadequate cremation procedures – partially burnt floating corpse
Dharavi Slums + Mumbai
-22m population
Slums = water access for 2 hours a day at 5:30am
Poor sanitation and disease- Typhoic= 4,000 cases a day
NOTE= 85% employe
Global shift negatives (Detroit)
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller rubypeake. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for £19.98. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
67096 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy revision notes and other study material for 14 years now