Exam (elaborations)
MIBO 3500 UGA QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
- Module
- MIBO
- Institution
- Oxford University (OX)
MIBO 3500 UGA QUESTIONS AND ANSWERSMIBO 3500 UGA QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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MIBO 3500 UGA QUESTIONS ANDANSWERS
Hooke - answer -coined term cells
-made first microscope
Spontaneous generation - answer Living organisms appear from non-living matter
Needham - answer -for spontaneous generation
-boiled uncovered broth and it became cloudy
Spallanzani - answer -against spontaneous generation
-did one broth uncovered and one covered and boiled each
Pasteur - answer -against spontaneous generation
-swan neck flask
-pasteurization
-silk worm
Koch (not postulates) - answer -link between microbe and disease
-bacillus anthracis and anthrax
Koch's postulates - answer 1) microbe must be present in every case of the disease and absent
from all healthy ones
2)pure culture / isolated
3) same disease appears when its innoculated into a healthy organism
4) microbe is able to be isolated from the second diseased host
,Barry Marshall - answer -ulcers
-helicobacter pylori
Smallest object an eye can detect? - answer 1 mm
resolution - answer smallest distance by which two objects can be separated and still be
distinguished
Resolution of Human retina - answer 150 microns
Compound Microscope - answer Image formed from more than 2 lenses
Bright Field - answer Ocular (10X) lens and variable objective lens
dark image on light background
staining kills microbes
refraction is a limitation
0.2 microns is the best distance it can resolve
Refraction - answer Bending of light as it passes through an object that slows it speed
Which are used to view live unstained microbes? - answer Dark field and phase contrast (slide
13)
Dark field - answer -light object and dark background
_can reveal motility
-identify distict features
, Syphilis - answer Treponema pallidum
narrow spiral shape
Phase Contrast - answer -organisms appear 3D
-light background dark microbe
Fluorescent Microscopy - answer -for stained specimen or naturally photosynthetic microbes
-Fluorescence is not considered a stain
-it is naturally occuring OR a tag
-expensive and not useful for unknown microbes
Flurophores - answer chemical compound that absorb/emit light of specific wavelenghts
2 types of fixation - answer heat and chemical (ethanol)
Basic Dyes - answer methylene blue, crystal violet, and safranin
have positive charged groups and bind to negatively charged molecules
-useful for nucleic acid and surface of bacteria
Acidic Dyes - answer Eosin, rose bengal
have negatively charged groups and bind to positively charged molecules
-useful for cellular structures like tissue
Differential Staining - answer Distinguishing between microbes based on staining properties
Gram stain - answer general cell wall properties
-gram positive or negative
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