BTEC Level 3 Extended Diploma in
Health and Social Care
Unit 12: Supporting individuals with additional needs
Learning Aim B: Examine how to overcome the challenges to daily living faced by
people with additional needs
Learning Aim C: Investigate current practice with respect to provision for individuals
with additional needs
Maariyah A Hussain
Centre number: 41291
Introduction
This task will examine how individuals with additional needs can overcome daily
, challenges, as well as how current practice can provide for these individuals. Daily
living challenges are those that restrict an individual from daily activities, such as
shopping, personal care, home living, cooking etc. Current practice, in this context,
refers to what action is being done and what practices and are in place to assist
those with disabilities/ill-health.
P2 - Explain how disability can be viewed as a social construct
A disability is any physical or mental restriction that means an individual cannot use
their senses or make movements efficiently. Linking to this, disablement is the term
that means an individual is unable to perform usual living activities, due to their
physical/mental impairment. An impairment is defined as when an individual loses
their mental or physical body function. Because of such impairments, an individual
can face discrimination - being treated unequally and unfairly because of
qualities/characteristics they possess, not only disability but also religion, age,
gender, ethnicity or sexual orientation (25).
There are 2 models of disability - the medical model and the social model. The
medical model looks at an impairment, attempting to treat it medically, for example,
operations and surgeries. The social model, however, is a model devised by
disabled individuals, that defines disability as being caused by the way society is
organised. It looks at finding ways to remove barriers that restrict life choices for
disabled people. This allows them to live independently. An example is installing a lift
- this is efficient and allows a disabled individual to not ask for assistance, promoting
their independence and allows them to support themselves.
Disability is understood as a social construct - this is the idea that disability is seen
as a problem, which is caused by the individual. The problem is that individuals can’t
be dependent on others and that they need help, meaning that society doesn’t need
to change. This, therefore, encourages individuals to live independently, allowing
less discrimination. This has encouraged changes in legislation such as the Equality
Act of 2010, meaning that it is illegal to discriminate, it promotes the anti-
discriminatory practice, leading to more opportunities for individuals such as disabled
people.
P3 - Describe how health or social care workers can help one child and one
adult with different additional needs overcome challenges to daily living
Discuss job roles for each professional
For Rebecca, she faces barriers in daily life that affect her. Health and social care
workers can support her additional needs and allow her to overcome these
challenges (25):
Community learning disability nurses
This type of nurse supports an individual to reach their full potential, despite their
