This document contains detailed notes on Enquiry Question 3 of the Regenerating Places topic for the A Level Geography course. It includes all the information required to secure at top grade in this part of the course. These notes took me many hours to complete and are how I revised for my exams.
Regenerating
Places
Enquiry Question 3: How is regeneration managed?
, 4A.7 UK government policy decisions play a key role in regeneration.
In the UK, government plays a key role in regeneration largely through investment in
national transport infrastructure. The thinking is that improved accessibility is the key to
successful regeneration. Not only is it likely that investment in regeneration will be
attracted to places with improved accessibility, but good accessibility will also be crucial in
sustaining the regeneration.
Governments have the power and money to make major changes.
Change in policy due to a change in government.
1980 - 2000: UK government policy on regeneration using Urban Development
Corporations (UDC's) - focused in deindustrialised areas of the country, eg: Sheffield
UDC - Lower Don Valley = cleared the industrial land, promoted it for private
investment = pump priming (using public money to attract private money)
1998 - 2010: Regional Development Agencies (RDA's) - RDA's given government
grants and decide how to spend the money in the region, eg: North East RDA, South
West RDA
Post 2010: Local Enterprise Partnerships (LEP's) - focus on regeneration and job
creation
Third Runway at Heathrow Airport
For Against
Create 180,000 jobs Destroys 694 hectares of Green Belt land
94,900 manufacturing jobs of the 180,000 and 60 hectares of woodland
£211 billion in economic benefits Disrupt the tranquillity in packs and
Deliver billions of pounds worth of trade gardens
and investment opportunities Destroy up to 950 homes and require up to
Investors and tourists will be able to reach 70,800 new homes to be built by 2030
countries quicker Produce 54.6% of the UK aviation carbon
Without expansion, Britain would be emissions by 2050.
handing export growth to European Destroy ancient village of Harmondsworth
competitors Noise pollution
Connects the UK to new markets Need to distribute the growth to northern
Integrates London with the rest of the UK cities as well, London has too much
airports already, "overheated south east"
Biggest port, handling 33% of exports by
value go out of Heathrow can be more
evenly distributed
Compete with EU airports
Key Players Key Players
British Chamber of Commerce Protest Group 'Plain Stupid'
Airlines (Virgin, Richard Branson, BA) Campaign to Protect Rural England
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