MIC 130

High Income - >12.6 thousand per person per year Low Income - <1 thousand per person per year Extreme Poverty - <$1.90 per person per day Poverty line in the US - $25,000 per family of 4 per year Is development linked to better health outcomes? - Yes What is the link between infectious disease burden and economic wealth? Exception? - USUALLY higher per capita GDP and higher life expectancy Exception: 19th century England - : Industrialization led to steady economic gr...

What is infectious disease surveillance? - Ongoing collection, analysis, and interpretation of infectious disease-related data coordinated with the timely dissemination of data to those responsible for preventing and controlling the data. Why do surveillance for infectious disease? - - detecting outbreaks - helps evaluate effectiveness of control measures What is involved for infectious disease surveillance? - - the patient - physician - hospital/clinic - county health department - st...

Bio warfare - intentional use of disease causing organisms or products of organisms to harm populations to attain military a objective bioterorism - intentional use of disease causing agents or products of organisms to harm humans, other animals, or plants in order to cause civil unrest and panic or to commit a crime Advantages of biological weapons - -Readily available "easy to grow" -inexpensive -highly transportable -not easy detected -Tasteless, odorless, invisible -Suicide "infecto...

What causes smallpox and how transmitted? - Cause: a virus Transmitted by: aerosol, contact with contaminated material How did smallpox come to the New World? - Christopher Columbus' second journey (1492), could have came with slaves Smallpox in the Americas prior to 1775 - How prevalent? - numerous smallpox epidemics, depopulated North America Where was inoculation done in the Americas? - Was outlawed in some colonies, was okay in middle colonies. Many military men were inoculated. D...

Germ Theory of Disease - idea that infectious diseases are caused by pathogens Early ideas about disease transmission - punishment for sins, miasma, hexes/spells, spontaneous generation miasma - a highly unpleasant or unhealthy smell or vapor Louis Pasteur - A French chemist, this man discovered that heat could kill bacteria that otherwise spoiled liquids including milk, wine, and beer. -disproved spontaneous generation -vaccines for rabies and anthrax Robert Koch - country doctor ...