Integration Of Physiological Systems (BMS2038)

This PDF includes all the lectures from 2019/2020 BMS2038 Integration of Physiological Systems, complete with diagrams included. This document spans from motor control to the anatomy of the gastrointestinal system, provided by different lecturers on the module.

Introduces the 3 different phases of secretion within the GI Tract. Then starts to go into more depth of each phase, starting with the cephalic phase. Goes into detail about what triggers the phase, as well as stating the importance of it, and the receptors, cell types and enzymes present. It explains the different reflexes and how different systems also play a role, e.g. the nervous system. Also contains examples of how disease can affect how the gastric acid is secreted and how medical interve...

Gives an in-depth look into sensory physiology. This introduces you to the general properties of the sensory system to ease you into the lecture before going into the key properties and pathways. You are then introduced to the 4 different types of receptors that make-up the sensory pathway, first with a general overview and then each goes into more detail and explanation further down. There are examples throughout, such as the receptors that are found in the skin and their mechanism of action, a...

Starts off by introducing the different groups of carbohydrates e.g. simple and complex, which is good if haven't studied biochemistry. Then goes on to explain how carbohydrates are digested in different sections of the GI system, mainly the small intestines. It explains the role of the enzyme called alpha-amylase and the vital role it plays in the breakdown of carbohydrates. Then gives an example of how fasting affects the absorption of carbohydrates, in particular glucose and fructose. Then g...

Provides a good base knowledge of how fats are digested throughout the GI system and how they are then absorbed. Introduces the different types of fat composition that are present within the GI tract, as well as introduces the role of key enzymes, e.g. lipase. and their role in digestion. Then starts to explain the 4 different stages that are vital part of digestion and breaks them down further with a more in-depth review with images to help understand better.

Provides a good introduction to the different types of ways that electrolytes and water can be balanced as part of the GI system. It introduces the membrane routes that are taken both at a cellular level and ion. Then goes on to explain the different chemical transports taken and their routes e.g. sodium co-transport with nutrients. Most information is on the sodium transport, but there is also a good amount of information on the potassium and chloride transport, and there are pictures within ea...

Getting an understanding of what circadian rhythms are and how they were discovered. Involves a lot of case studies based around the circadian rhythm in plants as well as the understanding of hormones that control such rhythms.

Introduces what voluntary movement is, before going into the areas of the brain that control these voluntary movements. It explains how each area has a vital role to play and the pathway/tracts that they use to elicit a voluntary response. There is also information about a study that was conducted on the part of the cortical motor neurones in monkeys, and the key findings that were found through the experiment. The end of the lecture follows the networks that are involved in creating the volunta...

Starts off with the motility of the small intestine, explaining the 2 main mechanisms, with definitions and what they entail. Then goes onto the reflexes that are involved in the small intestine motility, it includes diagrams which makes it easier to understand. Then goes onto explain motility in the large intestine, explaining the difference between motility of the 2 different intestines and the mechanisms. Then goes on to explain the reflexes involved in the role of defecation, and the process...

A nice overview of taste and smell, by giving definitions of each and showing the difference in chemical signalling between each sense. It explains the role of gustation and goes into detail about the ligands and receptors involved in the process of taste. It also explains physiological parts of the anatomy and the cells that are found within that anatomy. It then finishes off by talking about the mechanisms that are involved in the different cell-types found in the taste sense.