PSYCH 101: Exam 4 Study Guide Questions with Certified Solutions

PSYCH 101: Exam 4 Study Guide Questions with Certified Solutions Scientific study of how a person's behavior, thoughts, and feelings are influenced by the real, imagined, or implied presence of others Social Psychology Changing behavior to closely match with others Conformity Changing ones behavior as a result of other people directly asking for the change Compliance Changing one's behavior at the command of a real or perceived authority figure Obedience What was Stanley Milgram's study? What was he trying to measure? Milgram's experiment was meant to see how far ordinary, rational, people would go with the harmful act of shocking another human being based on the orders of an "authority figure" What did Milgram's experiment prove? It proved that blind obedience, or obedience without question, is normal Discomfort when our behavior doesn't match our attitude Cognitive Dissonance Summarize the tragic story of Kitty Genovese. When Kitty Genovese was coming home one night, she was attacked and stabbed multiple times. The event was heard and observed by her neighbors, but it took a while for anyone to take action and call the police. As a result of this, Kitty died. What does the bystander effect suggest? Helping becomes less likely as the number of bystanders increases What does diffusion of responsibility suggest? When more people are present, one thinks the others share responsibility, so they're less likely to help Behavior intended to hurt another person Aggression Pattern of behavior expected of a person in a particular social position Social Role A unique way in which people think, feel, and behave throughout life Personality Freud suggests personality can be divided into these three divisions. Id, Ego, Superego Unconscious division of personality that's ruled by the pleasure principle (little regard for consequences) Id Develops from a need to deal with reality; ruled by the reality principle Ego Moral center and conscience of personality Superego Unconscious distortion of reality to reduce stress and anxiety for the ego Defense Mechanisms Defense mechanism in which a person refuses to acknowledge a threatening situation Denial Defense mechanism in which a person refuses to consciously remember a threatening or unacceptable event Repression Defense mechanism in which one's own image from within is put onto someone else Projection Suggests personality is determined by developing sexuality of the child; each stage based on an erogenous zone that becomes a possible source of conflict Freud's Psychosexual Stages of Personal Development Conflicts that aren't resolved Fixation Oral Stage (Infancy) Stage 1 in the Psychosexual Stages of Personal Developement • mouth = erogenous zone • main pleasure/concern is feeding