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Genetics Brooker summary chapter 6 - Genetic linkage and mapping in eukaryotes

Name: Genetics Brooker summary chapter 6 - Genetic linkage and mapping in eukaryotes
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Author: simonezweers19

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Genetics

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Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (VU)

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ISE Genetics

These summaries (in English and provided with many supporting figures from the book) will help you to obtain a great grade for the course 'Genetics' in the first year of Biomedical Sciences at the VU. With learning al my summaries and lecture notes (see my other documents), I finished this course w...

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Wat is er van het boek samengevat? Chapter 6 - genetic linkage and mapping in eukaryotes
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Geschreven in 2020/2021
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1. Samenvatting - Genetics brooker summary chapter 24 - medical genetics
2. Samenvatting - Genetics brooker summary chapter 14 - gene regulation in bacteria
3. Samenvatting - Genetics brooker summary chapter 15 - gene regulation in eukaryotes
4. Samenvatting - Genetics brooker summary chapter 16 - gene regulation in eukaryotes ii
5. Samenvatting - Genetics brooker summary chapter 19 - gene mutation, dna repair and recombination
6. Samenvatting - Genetics brooker summary chapter 7 - genetic transfer and mapping in bacteria
7. Samenvatting - Genetics brooker summary chapter 6 - genetic linkage and mapping in eukaryotes
8. Samenvatting - Genetics brooker summary chapter 5 - non-mendelian inheritance
9. Samenvatting - Genetics brooker summary chapter 4 - extensions of mendelian inheritance
10. Samenvatting - Genetics brooker summary chapter 25 - genetic basis of cancer
11. Samenvatting - Genetics brooker summary chapter 2 - mendelian inheritance
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Genetics summary – VU BMS 2020/2021
Simone Zweers
Reference: Brooker, Genetics: Analysis and prinicples, 7th edition

Chapter 6: Genetic linkage and mapping in eukaryotes

1

, Genetics summary – VU BMS 2020/2021
Simone Zweers
Reference: Brooker, Genetics: Analysis and prinicples, 7th edition

- Each chromosome carries hundreds – thousands different genes
- Data from genetic crosses are used to construct a genetic map  shows the order of
genes along a chromosome

6.1: Overview of linkage
- Synteny = the situation in which two or more genes are located on the same
chromosome
- Genetic linkage = the phenomenon is which genes that are close together on the same
chromosome tend to be transmitted as a unit
- Chromosomes are sometimes called linkage groups  group of genes that are linked
together
o Number of linkage groups = number of chromosome types
- Two-factor cross = two different characters in a cross
- Three-factor cross = three different characters in a cross

Bateson and Punnett discovered two genes that did not assort
independently
- Mendel, two-factor cross: 9:3:3:1
- Not this ratio in a cross of sweet peas involving the characters color
and shape
o The F2 generation had a greater proportion of the two
phenotypes found in the P generation  they suggested that
the transmission was coupled, the alleles were not assorted
independently

6.2: Relationship between linkage and crossing over

- Crossing over: homologous chromosomes can exchange pieces
with each other  the linkage can be altered during meiosis
- the sister chromatids associate with the homologous sister chromatids to form a bivalent
 composed of two pairs of sister chromatids  in prophase 1 of meiosis 1 crossing
over may occur between sister chromatids of a homologous pair

Crossing over may produce recombinant genotypes
- Figure a: no crossing over occurred
- Figure b: crossing over occurs  recombinant cells =
haploid cells after crossing over  produce recombinant
offspring
- Nonrecombinant offspring with the same combination of
alleles found in the parental chromosomes
- Genetic recombination when offspring inherit a combination
of two or more alleles or traits that are different from either of
their parents
o Two/more genes are linked, crossing over during
meiosis
o Two/more genes on different chromosomes,
independent assortment
- Recombinant offspring are produced by crossing over
between two homologous chromosomes during meiosis in a
parent, leading to a different combination of alleles along a
chromosome compared to that parent

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