College aantekeningen
Class Notes: Arts, Culture and History
Class notes taken during the elective CC9001 "Arts, culture and history" at Erasmus University Rotterdam
[Meer zien]Voorbeeld 2 van de 34 pagina's
Voorbeeld 2 van de 34 pagina's
In winkelwagengesponsord bericht van onze partner
Verkoper
Volgen
Voorbeeld van de inhoud
The Renaissance in ItalyPrelude
• Vasari: The Lives
• Calls it “Rinascimento” for the first time
• Rebirth of classical Roman and Greek empires
• 5-14th century was seen as dark and barbaric
• In the 19th venture Burchhart recognises the Renaissance as a new era
• Flaws of calling it rebirth
• Most of the ideas were actually born in the Middle Ages already
• There is a lot of beautiful art from the Middle Ages
General characteristics
• Renaissance = rebirth + idealisation of classical antiquity
• Critical reading of greek and latin philosophical texts
• Ad fontes: back to the sources
• Middle Ages
• Most knowledge based on reinterpretation of greek, Hebrew, and latin texts by christian minks
• Compare and translate original texts into vernacular
• Translated texts could be shared
• Gutenberg printing press
• Only the elite was able to read and write
• Elaborate study of classical architecture and sculpture
• Rediscover and further develop ideas
• Example: pantheon in rome
• Develop new styles and techniques based on antiquity but better
• Started in Italy because there are many antique remains
Humanism
• Late 14th century
• Individual as a starting point
• In the MA: christianity was the starting point
• Individualism
• Uomo singolare (individual)
• Uomo universale (versatility)
• From a theocratic worldview to an anthropocentric worldview
• People can take their life into their own hands
• Combine christianity and antique ideas
• Life is a gift from god, make something of it
• A person can develop themselves
• Through education and training
• Italy as a breeding ground
• Embodied new ideals of civic virtue
• Italians wanted to move away from gothic art
• The goths were responsible for the fall of the roman empire
• Father of humanism: Petrarca
• Learning is the key to a virtuous life
• Life is an eternal quest for knowledge
• Also: Pico della Miranda
• Believed he was given a unique assignment by god
• Humanist ideas in art and culture
• Subject matter: biblical and secular themes and subjects
• Cult of the genius
• Idea of successful artist and public honour
• No longer regular craftsmen
• Search for representation and understanding of reality
• Roots of rationalism and the scientific revolution
• Perspective
• Personal empirical observation
, • Artists try to represent reality
• More focus on research and experiments
• i.e. da vinci
• Develop tools to represent reality
• Example: linear perspective, sfumato (blurry elements in distance, blue and grey is
emphasised), foreshortening (when an element is in front of you), chiaroscuro (use of
contrast to create perspective)
Early Renaissance
• Transition from late MA
• Florence as a catalyst
• Most urbanised region in Europe
• Autonomous city states
• Medici family
• Rich families carried power
• Used art to accentuate their power
Painting
• Giotto di Bondone
• Late MA
• First time applying perspective
• Scrovegni chapel, Padova, 1303-06
• Masaccio
• First “real” renaissance artist
• Painted the patrons of his artworks
• New form of patronage
• Piero della Francesca
• Interest in portraiture
• “Battista Sforza and Federico da Montefeltro, ca. 1465
• Diptyque
• Sandro Botticelli
• Birth of venus, 1486
• Neo-platonistic worldview
• Earthly beauty is a reflection of heavenly beauty
• Nudity, idealised beauty
Architecture
• Direct copying of ancient styles and themes
• New idiom: “All’Antica”
• Emphasis on order, balance, symmetry, logical construction
• Leon Battista Alberti
• Facade of sant’andrea, Mantova, 1470
• Triangular pediment, triumph arch, colossal corinthian pilasters
• Height = width (square)
• Rational theory of beauty
• Based on nature
Sculpture
• Free standing sculpture
• No longer part of the architecture
• Large nudes
• Contraposto pose
• Lorenzo Ghiberti
• Sculptures still part of the architecture
• Porta del paradiso, baptistry, florence, 1424-52
• Donatello
• Saint George, 1415-17
• Only attached at the feet
• David, 1435 or 1430-50, or 1444-46
• Sheepherder David who defeated the giant
• Before he was always depicted as a king or a shepherd
• Here he is depicted as an adolescent
• First use of the Contraposto pose since antiquity
Voordelen van het kopen van samenvattingen bij Stuvia op een rij:
Verzekerd van kwaliteit door reviews
Stuvia-klanten hebben meer dan 700.000 samenvattingen beoordeeld. Zo weet je zeker dat je de beste documenten koopt!
Snel en makkelijk kopen
Je betaalt supersnel en eenmalig met iDeal, creditcard of Stuvia-tegoed voor de samenvatting. Zonder lidmaatschap.
Focus op de essentie
Samenvattingen worden geschreven voor en door anderen. Daarom zijn de samenvattingen altijd betrouwbaar en actueel. Zo kom je snel tot de kern!
Veelgestelde vragen
Wat krijg ik als ik dit document koop?
Je krijgt een PDF, die direct beschikbaar is na je aankoop. Het gekochte document is altijd, overal en oneindig toegankelijk via je profiel.
Tevredenheidsgarantie: hoe werkt dat?
Onze tevredenheidsgarantie zorgt ervoor dat je altijd een studiedocument vindt dat goed bij je past. Je vult een formulier in en onze klantenservice regelt de rest.
Van wie koop ik deze samenvatting?
Stuvia is een marktplaats, je koop dit document dus niet van ons, maar van verkoper juliaaaaaaa7898. Stuvia faciliteert de betaling aan de verkoper.
Zit ik meteen vast aan een abonnement?
Nee, je koopt alleen deze samenvatting voor €2,99. Je zit daarna nergens aan vast.
Is Stuvia te vertrouwen?
4,6 sterren op Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
Afgelopen 30 dagen zijn er 52510 samenvattingen verkocht
Opgericht in 2010, al 14 jaar dé plek om samenvattingen te kopen