Samenvatting
Summary Health Communication: From Theory to Practice
This summary consists of a combination of lecture notes, required readings & lecturer's explanations.
[Meer zien]Voorbeeld 4 van de 47 pagina's
Voorbeeld 4 van de 47 pagina's
In winkelwagengesponsord bericht van onze partner
1 beoordeling
Door: martulina99 • 3 jaar geleden
Voorbeeld van de inhoud
Health CommunicationLecture notes
LECTURE 1: INTRODUCTION
- In the past few decades an increase in numbers of chronic diseases
- Partly due our population ageing
- But health behaviour is also an important predictor
- Unhealthy lifestyles are a cause à not being physically active, consuming
saturated fats, not enough fruits, alcohol, smoking, salt intake
- Emphasized by the WHO à targets for 2025 (salt intake, alcohol, tobacco,
physical activity)
FROM THEORY TO PRACTICE
- Why theories?
- Many behavioral determinants are already known
o At the individual level à e.g. knowledge, attitude, subjective norms,
self-efficacy, intention
o At the environmental level à e.g. services, funding, policy
- Theories are still valuable in current scientific research; no need to reinvent
the wheel
- Helps us identify why some individuals do take part in health promoting
actions and some don’t
- Theory can:
o Help us identify reasons why ppl do or do not take health promoting
actions
o Explain behaviour and suggest how to achieve behavioral change
o Help pinpoint what you need to know before developing or organizing
an intervention program
o Provide insight into how you can shape effective programs
o Identify what should be monitored, measured, ad/or compared in
program evaluation
- Three kinds of theories:
1. Intervention planning (e.g. Intervention Mapping)
2. Explaining and/or predicting behaviour (e.g. TRA, TPB)
3. Diffusion of interventions (e.g. Diffusion of Innovations)
a) Theory of reasoned action
1
, o It is important that the behavioral outcomes are in turn evaluated
b) Theory of planned behaviour
o An extension of theory of reasoned action
o They realized there is a third concept
o Ppl should feel like they are in control of performing the behaviour
o Control beliefs
o Perceived power = believe they have power over the difficult situation
c) The I-Change Model
o Comprehensive, complete, complex
o It considers intention to be the most important predictor of behaviour
2
, o Intention separated into different stages of change
à it considers ppl to be in precontemplation = ppl are not considering
to change their behaviour within the next 6 months
à … contemplation = ppl are thinking of changing behaviour within 6
months
à … preparation = willing to change behaviour within next month
o It also considers several motivational factors to be influencing
intention (similar to TPB)
à attitudes (specifically subdivided into pros & cons of the desired
behavioral change AND rational vs. emotional pros & cons)
à social influence beliefs (social norms = what do ppl think I should do;
social modelling beliefs = what do ppl in my environment do; social
pressure)
à efficacy beliefs (routine – e.g. smoking, social, emotional, stress
related)
o Predisposing factors
à already having experience with a similar behavior in the past =
behavioral factors (e.g. those who already tried quitting smoking)
à psychological factors
à biological factors = gender, age, etc.
à socio economic status = socio cultural factors
o Awareness factors
à knowledge
à cues to action = e.g. someone in your environment dying from
cancer
à risk perception = e.g. do you feel vulnerable of experiencing the
consequences
o Information factors = scientists can have an effect here
à concerns the content of the message
à the channel (e.g. print materials/online)
à source (e.g. will we present ourselves, etc.)
o Ability factors = the gap between intention and behaviour can be
closed with these
à plans = planning beforehand helps succeed
à performance skills = you need necessary skills to perform the
behaviour
o Barriers = they enlarge the gap between the intention and behavior
à e.g. financial issues à can't afford a gym membership
All models
- Intention = the most important predictor of behaviour
- Intention= result of conscious consideration of:
o Pros and cons
3
, o Important others’ opinion
o Perceived control (except the TRA)
- TACT principle (target, action, context, time)
o By Ajzen
o E.g. walking on a treadmill in a physical fitness center for at least 30
minutes each day in the forthcoming month
o Be specific about what you want to achieve in the target group
- Compatibility principle
o It is important that the theoretical concepts are referring to the same
behaviour that you want to measure
o E.g. intention to walk on the treadmill in a fitness center for at least 30
minutes daily for a month à attitude to walk on the treadmill in a fitness
center for at least 30 minutes daily for a month
o You can’t just measure the intention of walking on the treadmill, you
have to include all the specifics
- Behaviour isn’t always rational
ONLINE HEALTH COMMUNICATION
- Health related websites à can be researched based
- Healthy living blogs à often very questionable
- Fitspiration
- Online computer tailoring
o An online questionnaire that assesses their behaviour
o More evidence based
o Relevant feedback based on the person’s individual answers
o Behaviour, pros and cons, self-efficacy
o Automatic process
o MyDrinkAware, QSense à online computer-tailored eHealth
o People are not aware of the enormous number of algorithms that are
running behind the scenes
o Working mechanisms:
à increases sense of personal relevance of the message
à that enhances the information processing
à this increases their use of the materials and their engagement
à ultimately this leads to more behavioral change
o Public health impact = effect * reach
4
Voordelen van het kopen van samenvattingen bij Stuvia op een rij:
Verzekerd van kwaliteit door reviews
Stuvia-klanten hebben meer dan 700.000 samenvattingen beoordeeld. Zo weet je zeker dat je de beste documenten koopt!
Snel en makkelijk kopen
Je betaalt supersnel en eenmalig met iDeal, creditcard of Stuvia-tegoed voor de samenvatting. Zonder lidmaatschap.
Focus op de essentie
Samenvattingen worden geschreven voor en door anderen. Daarom zijn de samenvattingen altijd betrouwbaar en actueel. Zo kom je snel tot de kern!
Veelgestelde vragen
Wat krijg ik als ik dit document koop?
Je krijgt een PDF, die direct beschikbaar is na je aankoop. Het gekochte document is altijd, overal en oneindig toegankelijk via je profiel.
Tevredenheidsgarantie: hoe werkt dat?
Onze tevredenheidsgarantie zorgt ervoor dat je altijd een studiedocument vindt dat goed bij je past. Je vult een formulier in en onze klantenservice regelt de rest.
Van wie koop ik deze samenvatting?
Stuvia is een marktplaats, je koop dit document dus niet van ons, maar van verkoper martinahavlenova. Stuvia faciliteert de betaling aan de verkoper.
Zit ik meteen vast aan een abonnement?
Nee, je koopt alleen deze samenvatting voor €15,89. Je zit daarna nergens aan vast.
Is Stuvia te vertrouwen?
4,6 sterren op Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
Afgelopen 30 dagen zijn er 52510 samenvattingen verkocht
Opgericht in 2010, al 14 jaar dé plek om samenvattingen te kopen