College aantekeningen
College aantekeningen Management Of Organisations In Europe (ES-1MANOEU-E3(4)-15)
Lecture notes of 5 pages for the course Management Of Organisations In Europe at HHS
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MoE lecture 5What is leadership?
Where management is a planned skill. Leadership is trained.
Leadership: the processes and behavior used by someone, such as a manager, to motivate,
inspire, and influence the behavior of others
Management: process of planning, organizing and controlling an organizations resources to
achieve its goals.
The same? NO, leadership and management are not the same. A person can be a manager,
a leader, both or neither.
3 approaches to leadership:
- Trait approach
- Behavioral approach
- Situational approach
Trait approach is focused in identifying essential leadership traits (or personal
characteristics). Recent research has focused on a limited set of traits
- Emotional intelligence
- Intelligence
- Integrity
- Knowledge of business
Behavioral approach
This is more focused on the behavior of the (in)effective leaders. Assumed that the behavior
of effective leaders would be the same across all situations
2 types:
- Task-focused: related to increase performance of employees
- Employee-focused: related to increase job satisfaction, motivation and well-being of
employees.
Situational approach is assumed that appropriate leader behavior varies from one situation
to another. Boss-centered leadership vs subordinate-centered leadership. Here leadership
and management become really close to each other.
3 types of leadership
- Transformational leadership
- Transactional leadership
- Charismatic leadership
#1 transformational leadership: the set of abilities that allows a leader to:
- Recognize the need for change
- Create a vision to guide the change
- Execute the change effectively
#2 transactional leadership: leading during a period of stability. These are excellent during
times of stability
, #3 charismatic leadership: influence based on leader’s personal charisma. Charisma is a
form of interpersonal attraction that inspires support and acceptance.
Special issues in leadership
1. Individual factors
- Individual knowledge
- Motivation
- Experience
Not everyone NEEDS a leader. They can motivate their selves etc.
2. Job factors
- Automation
- Highly controlled
People can be replaced
3. Organization factors
- Clear goal and mission
- Clear processes and procedures
These can neutralize leadership
4. Group factors
- High group performance norms
- High group cohesion
Leadership in the 21st century
- Strategic leadership: has the ability to understand the complexity of both the
organization and the environment.
- Ethical leadership: in some cases, you want behavior that demand high ethical
standards.
- Virtual leadership: on Teams etc.
- Leader as coach: this is where the leader helps and is not the manager type who
oversees all.
- Gender
- Cross-cultural leadership: leadership which is diversity based.
Decision making:
Conditions
Stakeholders
Programmed?
Alternatives
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