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Summary FPPart3. extension .doc MMPA 6405 Ethics and Social Justice: Final Project Masters of Public Administration, Walden University MMPA 6405: Ethics and Social Justice Abstract This paper focuses on Maryland Department of Health and the decision makers

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FPPart3. extension .doc MMPA 6405 Ethics and Social Justice: Final Project Masters of Public Administration, Walden University MMPA 6405: Ethics and Social Justice Abstract This paper focuses on Maryland Department of Health and the decision makers within the organization. Being a health auth...

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Voorbeeld van de inhoud

MMPA 6405



Ethics and Social Justice: Final Project


Masters of Public Administration, Walden University


MMPA 6405: Ethics and Social Justice



Abstr
act

This paper focuses on Maryland Department of Health and the decision makers within the

organization. Being a health authority, MDH has a duty to care for Maryland residents. The

ethical dilemma in this paper revolves around formulating a plan and allocating the vaccine.

The organization, its key stakeholders, and its decision-makers are identified as resources

that have a duty to serve the public in an ethical way. Alternative options are outlined that

could help guide decision makers to make the best choice to effectively care for the public.

Introduct
ion

According to the Maryland State Archives, the first known public health office was

established in Baltimore in 1792 as a response to the yellow fever epidemic. Several years

later, the Baltimore City Health Department formed and provided healthcare services

(vaccines, registering births and deaths) and environmental health (cleaning streets, tending

to sewers) needs. The State of Maryland’s involvement in public health efforts came several

years later after a group of physicians created a Board, commissioned by the General

Assembly in 1798. The Board set out to stop the spread of misinformation regarding health

to Maryland residents. In 1880, the Board was granted the power to create local boards to

better handle emergencies (Maryland State Archives, n.d.).

Consistent with its predecessor, Maryland Department of Health (MDH), formerly

Maryland Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (MDMH), uphold the principles of

,public administration by guaranteeing access to public healthcare and information to

citizens and operates as a regulatory body to healthcare providers, facilities, and

organizations, and manages direct services to patients where appropriate (Maryland

Department of Health, n.d.).

According to the Maryland Department of Health website, their mission states “We

work together to promote and improve the health and safety of all Marylanders through

disease prevention, access to care, quality management, and community engagement”.

Furthermore, the Maryland Department of Health vision states "the vision of MDH is

lifelong health and wellness for all Marylanders" (Maryland Department of Health, n.d.). To

effectively serve the needs of residents, the Department is divided into four divisions that

manage various healthcare systems and programs that promote health.


According to the Maryland Code of Health, the Governor, with consent from the

state Senate, appoints the Secretary of Health (Code Health-General Article, sec. 2-102).

The Secretary reports directly to the Governor about all matters within the Department. The

Secretary must deliver health services that serve the interests of all Marylanders; sets and

administers laws relating to health issues; and adopts and revises a State health

improvement plan. Concurrently, the Secretary also advises numerous boards,

commissions, and advisory groups (Code Health-General Article, secs. 2-101-2-611). The

Department must also abide by Maryland’s Public Information Act which grants citizens

access to public records regarding the agency's activities (Maryland Attorney General,

2015). Organizational goals are set forth by people in positions of authority. Each of the

Divisions under the umbrella of MDH has its missions and values that they employ to best

serve the needs of the community. With 6,500 employees and a $12 million budget,

citizens depend on MDH to carry out operations that best serve them.

Public Health Services administers emergency responses to environmental health

and infectious diseases. The Behavioral Health Division provides mental health and

substance abuse services. Maryland Medicaid Administration serves low-income residents

, by providing free or low-cost health insurance. Finally, the Developmental Disabilities

Administration implements a system of services for residents with developmental or

intellectual disabilities. The Department also has 20 boards that license and regulate

healthcare professionals and various commissions that issue grants and make

recommendations on improvements in the healthcare system (Maryland Department of

Health, n.d.).

Part 1: Ethical
Dilemma


There is currently a limited supply of the vaccine leaving those in less vulnerable

populations waiting weeks to know when they will qualify to receive the vaccine (CDC,

2020). As some areas are anxious to reopen― local, state, and federal administrators rush to

draft plans to distribute the coronavirus vaccine. However, potential ethical dilemmas

regarding the distribution of the vaccine and follow-up treatment are cause for concern for

some. In October

2020, Maryland Governor Larry Hogan released a draft statewide plan for vaccine

distribution. According to Hogan, the vaccine will be released in three phases per CDC

recommendations.

The first phase includes those in high-risk populations including senior living,

nursing homes, assisted living facilities, first responders and frontline workers, and also

inmates and correctional staff. Phase 2 will include moderate-risk groups, essential workers

outside of healthcare, and transportation workers. Finally, Phase 3 will include the general

public. (Maryland Department of Health, 2020). According to a Maryland Matters article,

“Overall, it is estimated that 14% of Maryland residents — or approximately 840,000

individuals — will fall into a Phase 1 vaccination category” (Kazanjian, 2020).

The distribution of the vaccine marks a historical period for public administrators as

they are working to ensure fairness and equitable treatment. Collaborations between the

public and private sectors are also necessary as states are relying on pharmaceutical

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