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Samenvatting The Geo - VWO TTO 3 - Chapter 8: Spaceship earth
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Engelstalige samenvatting van The Geo chapter 8: spaceship earth. Geo guides en het coursebook zijn er in verwerkt. Het is een 3 vwo/havo boek
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8.1:Amannedspacecraft
Earthistheideals paceship
5factorm akelifepossibleonearth
- Earthistheexactlyrightdistancefromthes un
- nottoohotandnottooc old
- thec onditionsonotherplanetsarev erydifferent
↓
celestialbodythatrevolvesaroundalight-andheat-emittings tar
- Thegreenhouseeffectm akes urethetemperatureonearthis+15℃,
otherwiseitwouldbe-18℃
- Theatmosphere:theairaroundus
- Theairc ontains
- oxygen:peopleandanimalsbreathein
- carbondioxide:plantsusetogrow(photosynthesis)
↓
Processbywhichplantsandtreesuses unlighttoturn
waterandc arbondioxideintos ugarsandoxygen
- Interactionbetweenplants,animalsandhumansc ausetheoxygenintheair
tos tays table,around21%
- gravity:forceofattractionfromtheearth
- ensurethegasestoremainintheatmosphereanddon’tdisappearintos pace
- objectdon’tfloat
- earthrotatesonitsaxiswithm orethan1650km/h
- nogravity,peoplewouldbehurledarounds pace
- Water
- Malebody=65%water,femalebody=50%
- plantsc annots urvivewithoutwater
- 97.5%ofthewaterisinoceans
- freshwateriss torediniceorinaquifers:undergroundwater-bearinglayer
- Food
- directlyfromnatureorisproducedthroughagriculture
- it’sanessentialnaturalresource:elementsfromthenaturalenvironmentthat
canbeusedforproduction,s uchasland,m inerals,rawm aterialsandwater
Theearthisv eryfragile
- naturalresourcesarenotinexhaustible
- nootherearthsthatwec anusewhenthereresourcesrunout
- everythingthathumansneedisfoundonthisplanet
- onlyprotectionistheatmosphere.
notusingupthes upplyofnaturalresources,tom akes urethatthereareenoughforpeoplein
↑ thefuture
Sustainableearth
- makes ureournaturalresourcesaren’tdepleted
, AllhumanactivitiesonEarthneeds pace(homes,food,c lothes,activities)
ecologicalfootprint:theamountofs paceofEarthusedbyonepersonorawholec ountry
- Fieldsandm eadowstoproducefoodandc lothing
- Theproductsareprocessedinfactories,andtransportedtos hops
- Energyc onsumptionbyc ars,c entralheating
- largeareasofforest(toabsorbc o2 emissionsandc onvertthemintooxygen)
Averages paceperpersonavailableis1.8hectares
Averages paceapersonusesis2.7hectares
Weneed1.5earthsifwec ontinuelikethis
IfwealllivelikepeopleintheNetherlandsweneeded3.5earths
G34:PlanetEarth
EarthisaPlanet:c elestialbodythatrevolvesaroundalight-andheat-emittingstar
Ballofgasthatradiateslightandheat(sunisas tarfrom6000℃ )⤶
Sunis150m illionk mawaybutwec anfeeltheheatfromthes unatearth
7otherplanetsorbitthes un(Mercury,Venus,M ars,J upiter,Saturn,Uranusand Neptune)
- dependontheSunfortheirheatandlight
Planetshavem oonsinorbitaroundthem
- earthhas1m oon
- the8planetshavearound70m oonsintotal
Solarsystem:thes un,the8planets,them oonsandthes mallerheavenlybodies
G35:Rotationoftheearth
Ittakes1y earfortheEarthtoorbitaroundthes un
Italsorotatesonitsownaxis=earth'saxis
1. tiltedatanangleof23.5°
2. sunrayshardlyeverfalldirectlyontheequator
3. 21stJ une,v erticalraysfallat23.5°N
4. 22ndDecember,v erticalraysfallat23.5°S
5. Thes un’sv erticalpositionm ovesbetweenthec ircles
oflatitude(23.5°Nand23.5°S)
- Betweenthetropicofc ancerandc apricornit
isalwayshot(thetropics)
G93:Systemearth
Earthc onsistoffour‘spheres’
- lithosphere:theearth’sc rust(ground,s oil)
- Atmosphere:theairaroundus
- hydrosphere:allthewateronearth
- biosphere:lifeonearth(plants,animals,people)
G118:Watercycle
watercycle:c ontinuousm ovementofwateracrosstheearth
- shortc ycle:toandfromthes ea
- longc ycle:toandfromthes eav ialand