Samenvatting
Summary A brief overview of the most important aspects of contract law (Week 1)
This brief summary aims to provide a weekly overview of the reading materials for the course Obligations and Contract Law I
[Meer zien]Voorbeeld 2 van de 7 pagina's
Voorbeeld 2 van de 7 pagina's
In winkelwagengesponsord bericht van onze partner
Gekoppeld boek
Titel boek:
Auteur(s):
- Uitgave:
- ISBN:
- Druk:
Verkoper
Volgen
Voorbeeld van de inhoud
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION:Contracts = legally binding agreements/ promises, irrespective of whether they are written
down or not
→ buy a product in a supermarket
The market economy we live in is the reason we need contracts
→ needs of the people and therefore the corresponding market price mechanism
Contract law ensures that these contracts are binding and can therefore be enforced in the
courts in case of non-performance = cement of modern society which allows individuals to plan
society
Most rules in contract la are designed to apply to any contact regardless of:
● Type of party
● Type of obligations
● Governed by same principles
○ Freedom
○ Rules
■ Offer and acceptance, interpretation, damages
2 types: Contracts on the basis of the parties involved, the main characteristics, and the reasons
1. Commercial contracts: b2b contracts (business to business contract)
2. Consumer contracts: b2c
a. C2C contracts is between two consumers
Contracts can also be based on the main characteristics:
● What parties need to do → obligations
○ Specific contracts: employer-employee contracts with specific rules
○ Nominate contracts: franchise and distribution → these are however not detailed
in statutory law like specific ones!
The reason why parties want to be bound:
● Pothier: an agreement by which two parties reciprocally promise and engage, or one of
them singly promises and engages, to the other to give some particular thing or to do or
abstain from doing some particular act (traité des obligations)
○ Bilateral acts of performance
■ Based on a mutual willingness to oblige
■ ‘Do ut des’= element of exchange
○ Unilateral acts of performance
Civil law: contract law is seen as a part of the system of private law (rules and relationships
between private actors)
Law of obligations:
● Law of contract, tort and restitution
, ● Duty that exists vis-a-vis another person or several other persons
● Contract = voluntary or self-imposed obligation whereas tort = imposed
● The distinction is as old as civil law itself → Gaius Institutes
English Common law:
● First ‘book’ came to be in 2010
● Separate textbooks on contracts, tort law and property law
Main principles of contract law:
● Main values or goals that underlie this field
○ Legislation, court cases or non-written
● All principles refer to fundamental standards
○ Contradictions and exceptions
● Freedom of contract
○ Laissez-faire
○ Individual autonomy
○ Parties will not choose unfavorable terms
○ Whenever it desires and with whomever it wants
○ Many people however do not have the bargaining power
■ They lose against economically stronger counterparts → general
conditions
● Regulated contracts instead of freedom of contract
● Binding force
○ Performance of obligations
○ Courts may intervene if this is poorly or not done
○ Remedies: perform (civil) or pay the debtor damages (common)
○ Can be set aside if the contract contains an unfair clause
● Absence of formalities
○ Principle of informality
○ Contracts do not require a specific form
○ Intention is sufficient
○ Not necessarily written
○ A mere agreement must exist → consensus ad idem
● Contractual fairness
○ Least precise
○ Views fundamentally differ
○ In consumer contracts, → the professional party should give all kinds of
information to the consumers so they can take an informed decision
■ Procedural fairness →
■ Substantive fairness → ‘reasonable duties’ accepted everywhere and
more open to discussion → difference between civil (‘doctrine of Good
Faith’) and common law (‘doctrine of misrepresentation’)
Voordelen van het kopen van samenvattingen bij Stuvia op een rij:
Verzekerd van kwaliteit door reviews
Stuvia-klanten hebben meer dan 700.000 samenvattingen beoordeeld. Zo weet je zeker dat je de beste documenten koopt!
Snel en makkelijk kopen
Je betaalt supersnel en eenmalig met iDeal, creditcard of Stuvia-tegoed voor de samenvatting. Zonder lidmaatschap.
Focus op de essentie
Samenvattingen worden geschreven voor en door anderen. Daarom zijn de samenvattingen altijd betrouwbaar en actueel. Zo kom je snel tot de kern!
Veelgestelde vragen
Wat krijg ik als ik dit document koop?
Je krijgt een PDF, die direct beschikbaar is na je aankoop. Het gekochte document is altijd, overal en oneindig toegankelijk via je profiel.
Tevredenheidsgarantie: hoe werkt dat?
Onze tevredenheidsgarantie zorgt ervoor dat je altijd een studiedocument vindt dat goed bij je past. Je vult een formulier in en onze klantenservice regelt de rest.
Van wie koop ik deze samenvatting?
Stuvia is een marktplaats, je koop dit document dus niet van ons, maar van verkoper GwenHellinga. Stuvia faciliteert de betaling aan de verkoper.
Zit ik meteen vast aan een abonnement?
Nee, je koopt alleen deze samenvatting voor €5,49. Je zit daarna nergens aan vast.
Is Stuvia te vertrouwen?
4,6 sterren op Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
Afgelopen 30 dagen zijn er 70055 samenvattingen verkocht
Opgericht in 2010, al 14 jaar dé plek om samenvattingen te kopen