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A Theatre for Cold Catholicism: A Historical Analysis of Paolo Sorrentino’s The Young Pope in relation to American-European political bonds during the Early Cold War €6,49
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Essay

A Theatre for Cold Catholicism: A Historical Analysis of Paolo Sorrentino’s The Young Pope in relation to American-European political bonds during the Early Cold War
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Written in MLA 7 with footnotes This argumentative essay addresses the American-European bonds between the Vatican during the Cold War under Pope Pius XII and the American government. By means of an analysis of the Netflix series The Young Pope with Jude Law as the fictional Pius XIII. The resea...

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  • 17 februari 2022
  • 16
  • 2021/2022
  • Essay
  • Onbekend
  • 8-9

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Herni 1




A Theatre for Cold Catholicism: A Historical Analysis of Paolo Sorrentino’s The Young Pope

in relation to American-European political bonds during the Early Cold War




Julia Herni

6759882



Imagining Europe: American Constructions of the Old World, 1776-present

GE3V17053



3280 words

3 February 2022

, Herni 2

A Theatre for Cold Catholicism: A Historical Analysis of Paolo Sorrentino’s The Young Pope

in relation to American-European political bonds during the Early Cold War

When Eugenio Pacelli became Pope Pius XII in March 1939, Europe was only six months

away from a German invasion.1 It was, however, the rise of communism and the Soviet Union

that troubled Pius XII more than the malevolence of the German Nazis.2 According to Pius

XII, the western European countries as well as the United States did not understand nor tackle

the communist problem when it was needed in September ’39.3 But when the Soviet Union

expanded its territory in Eastern Europe just after the conclusion of World War II, American

president Truman immediately reached out to the Holy See, claiming that US relations with

the Church were crucial in defeating the Soviet power.4 Most importantly, America needed

faith and religion to survive.5

In 2016, Europe and America were reminded of their ties via the popular TV-series

The Young Pope.6 The series shows Pius XII’s fictional successor Pius XIII, who’s pedestrian

name is Lenny Belardo. He is a young, but conservative American man. He struggles to

believe in God as he is still coping with his parentless past. This crisis of faith along with

methods of secrecy and treason in the TV-series’ Americanised Vatican allude to a similar

tension found in the American government when in 1950, Senator Joseph McCarthy, advised

by the Catholic Edmund Walsh who had great status in the Vatican, claimed there were

communist spies in the US State Department.7 As the Cold War is characterised through the

presence of fear, the character of Pius XIII introduces a religion of fear, which is unpopular

among the cardinals in the Holy See.8 Similarly, it can be said that Pius XIII’s predecessor


1
Kent 15
2
Kent 15-6
3
Kent 16
4
Rooney 8
5
Ibid.
6
The Young Pope
7
Gallagher 208-9; McNamara xii
8
Jansen & Urban 237

, Herni 3

practiced a religion of fear. For example, Charles Gallagher argues that the Holy See under

Pius XII would resort to espionage easily if that could mean stopping the communists; Pius

actively fights against atheism.9 On the other hand, Frank Coppa rather sees Pius as someone

who looks for conciliation instead of conflict in a world with fascism and communism.10

Thus, the Italian director’s choice to have an American pope and consequently, an

Americanised Vatican cannot have come out of thin air. During the reign of Pius XIII’s

predecessor, American diplomacy and procedure had been influencing Roman Catholic policy

for several decades via Joseph Hurley and William Philips for example; this influence was

both financial and ideological.11 As the Cold War progressed, Pius dealt with diplomacy and

political representation more than with the religion of Catholicism.12 The Young Pope

approaches Pius XIII’s papacy likewise, where overt anti-Catholic tones make up for a focus

on the search for (a public) identity. This research aims to use The Young Pope as a case study

to understand the American influence in Europe. Thus, the following question is posed: To

what extent and how does The Young Pope, in particular the character Lenny Belardo/Pius

XIII, comment on the relationship between American political leaders and the European Pius

XII during the Early Cold War?

With The Young Pope being published in 2016 by the American television network

Home Box Office (HBO) in collaboration with the European networks of Canal+ and Sky

Atlantic, the TV-series starts off as an international phenomenon.13 Since the director, Paolo

Sorrentino, is Italian and the role of Lenny Belardo/Pius XIII is played by an English man,

Jude Law, the series reflects more of a European perspective on American influence in Cold-

War Europe than an American perspective. Consequently, the series’ portrayal of Americans

and their culture is distorted. For the sake of this paper, the American characters will be seen

9
Gallagher 162
10
Coppa 248-9
11
Gallagher 93-6
12
Coppa 247
13
Manzato & Mascio 245

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