A complete summary of The Material City lecture series. Great for exam revision. The lecture series has been summarised with bullet points into a 19 page document.
The Material City – Year 1 Semester 2
Contents
Natural Resources: .................................................................................................................................. 4
Definition: ........................................................................................................................................... 4
Examples: ............................................................................................................................................ 4
- Sunlight ................................................................................................................................... 4
- Water ...................................................................................................................................... 4
- Air ............................................................................................................................................ 4
- Soil ........................................................................................................................................... 4
- Fossil fuels ............................................................................................................................... 4
- Vegetation ............................................................................................................................... 4
Impacts of heat islands: .......................................................................................................................... 4
Ecosystem services.................................................................................................................................. 4
Examples: ............................................................................................................................................ 4
- Provisioning services ............................................................................................................... 4
- Regulating services.................................................................................................................. 4
- Cultural services ...................................................................................................................... 4
Some Facts about cities: ......................................................................................................................... 5
What are the main criteria for future cities? .......................................................................................... 5
They need to provide adequate:......................................................................................................... 5
Sustainable Development ....................................................................................................................... 5
What does it mean? ............................................................................................................................ 5
Definition: ....................................................................................................................................... 5
Goals for sustainable development according to Edward B. Barbier: ............................................ 5
Urban Metabolism .................................................................................................................................. 6
Definition of Metabolism: ................................................................................................................... 6
Historical Context:............................................................................................................................... 6
Now: .................................................................................................................................................... 6
Society’s Metabolism: ......................................................................................................................... 6
Urban Metabolism: ............................................................................................................................. 6
At the local scale: ............................................................................................................................ 6
Different approaches for assessing urban metabolism: ................................................................. 6
The city organism: ........................................................................................................................... 7
Circular system:............................................................................................................................... 7
1|Page
,The Material City - Year 1, Semester 2
The Role of Cities: ................................................................................................................................... 8
Urban Experimentation: ......................................................................................................................... 8
What is it? ........................................................................................................................................... 8
Urban Living-labs: ............................................................................................................................... 8
Examples of urban living-labs: ........................................................................................................ 8
The Global South:................................................................................................................................ 8
The paradox of slums: ..................................................................................................................... 8
GPD ......................................................................................................................................................... 8
What is GDP? ...................................................................................................................................... 8
Decoupling: ..................................................................................................................................... 9
Economic Growth is not everything................................................................................................ 9
How do you Manage the Transition to Sustainability? ..................................................................... 10
Multilevel Transition Approaches: ................................................................................................ 10
Urban Transitions Analysis: ........................................................................................................... 10
Circular Economy: ............................................................................................................................. 10
Why? ............................................................................................................................................. 12
How? ............................................................................................................................................. 12
Functional Service Economy ......................................................................................................... 12
Stimulating Circularity ................................................................................................................... 13
Supporting the Circular Economy: ................................................................................................ 13
The Big Circular Economy Questions: ........................................................................................... 13
Recycling ............................................................................................................................................... 14
Benefits: ............................................................................................................................................ 14
Challenges: ........................................................................................................................................ 14
Problems with Recycling: .................................................................................................................. 14
Logistics: ........................................................................................................................................ 14
Technological: ............................................................................................................................... 14
Environmental:.............................................................................................................................. 14
Economic: ...................................................................................................................................... 14
Legislative:..................................................................................................................................... 14
Drivers for the Increasing Material Use: ........................................................................................... 15
Material Use...................................................................................................................................... 15
Direct (inhabitants of Amsterdam): .............................................................................................. 15
Indirect (inhabitants of Amsterdam): ........................................................................................... 15
Where do the materials come from?............................................................................................ 15
Obtaining Materials .............................................................................................................................. 16
2|Page
, The Material City - Year 1, Semester 2
Abiotic Materials (Mining): ............................................................................................................... 16
Significant Mines: .......................................................................................................................... 16
Why? ............................................................................................................................................. 16
Why not? ....................................................................................................................................... 16
Can it go wrong? ........................................................................................................................... 16
Environmental Concerns: .............................................................................................................. 16
Social Impacts: .............................................................................................................................. 17
Biotic Materials: ................................................................................................................................ 17
Impacts:......................................................................................................................................... 17
Critical Raw Materials (CRM) ................................................................................................................ 17
Rare Earths (REE) .............................................................................................................................. 18
Resource Scarcity .............................................................................................................................. 18
Dodd-Frank Act: ............................................................................................................................ 18
EU Regulation for Conflict Minerals .............................................................................................. 18
Yale Method – Tom Graedel ......................................................................................................... 18
Co-occurrence ............................................................................................................................... 19
One of the problems: .................................................................................................................... 19
Recycling Is limited:....................................................................................................................... 19
3|Page
Voordelen van het kopen van samenvattingen bij Stuvia op een rij:
Verzekerd van kwaliteit door reviews
Stuvia-klanten hebben meer dan 700.000 samenvattingen beoordeeld. Zo weet je zeker dat je de beste documenten koopt!
Snel en makkelijk kopen
Je betaalt supersnel en eenmalig met iDeal, creditcard of Stuvia-tegoed voor de samenvatting. Zonder lidmaatschap.
Focus op de essentie
Samenvattingen worden geschreven voor en door anderen. Daarom zijn de samenvattingen altijd betrouwbaar en actueel. Zo kom je snel tot de kern!
Veelgestelde vragen
Wat krijg ik als ik dit document koop?
Je krijgt een PDF, die direct beschikbaar is na je aankoop. Het gekochte document is altijd, overal en oneindig toegankelijk via je profiel.
Tevredenheidsgarantie: hoe werkt dat?
Onze tevredenheidsgarantie zorgt ervoor dat je altijd een studiedocument vindt dat goed bij je past. Je vult een formulier in en onze klantenservice regelt de rest.
Van wie koop ik deze samenvatting?
Stuvia is een marktplaats, je koop dit document dus niet van ons, maar van verkoper aukebrongersma. Stuvia faciliteert de betaling aan de verkoper.
Zit ik meteen vast aan een abonnement?
Nee, je koopt alleen deze samenvatting voor €4,39. Je zit daarna nergens aan vast.
