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People, place and culture flashcards

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Summary of the whole course People, place and culture in form of flashcards.

Voorbeeld 2 van de 9  pagina's

  • 19 maart 2022
  • 9
  • 2021/2022
  • Overig
  • Onbekend
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Door: rebeccanieuwenkamp48 • 1 jaar geleden

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What are the five dimensions of 'McDonaldisation' (Ritzer)?
1. Efficiency: time and cost efficiency

 mass production with max. monetary efficiency
 mass consumption for max. time efficiency (for the consumer)
 E.g.: Thuisbezorgd, Deliveroo

2. Predictability

 managing people's expectations (no surprises)
 E.g.: packaged tours (avoid surprises abroad), lonely planet guides (same inspirations, so
that everyone has the same authentic experience)

3. Calculability

 quantity rather than quality
 have overviews about costs and which areas use resources up
 New public management = market rationale and government rationale
 Only focus is delivery of service under time pressure (takes out the human scale like having
conversations)

4. Non-human technology

 human resources are replaced by technology, because people are unpredictable
 can cure / fill the gap but also create new problems, when workers are still available
(humans losing jobs over technology)
 E.g.: Technology in health care: Japan is obsessed with technology and robots entertain old
people

5. Control

 manage uncertainties as much as possible
 Humans are uncertain + make mistakes
 direct accountability
 E.g.: coffee receipts with name of server on it to give direct feedback


What is McDonaldisation according to Ritzer?
 Rationalization: a historical process + rationalization as the end product of that development
 Society that is characterized by rationalization is one that emphasizes efficiency,
predictability, calculability, non-human technology + control over uncertainty
 To have better control over rationalization: need to gain better understanding of this process
 Today: still drive for rationalization
 Result?: rationalization might lead to bleak and uninteresting places (e.g. Wetherspoon
pubs in UK that turn old heritage buildings into pubs = more liveability, but also bad food/
alcohol)


How does Bauman (1998) define globalisation?
 Globalisation is what happens to all of us
 Level of agency needs to manage globalisation
 Loss of control

,  Lack of control and order
 Globalisation shakes things up and there are no patterns behind it (random)


How does Bauman (1998) define glocalisation?
 Process of adapting international products around the particularities of a local culture in
which they are sold
 Redistribution of privileges and deprivations, wealth and poverty, resources and impotence,
power and powerlessness, freedom and constraint (world-wide restratrification)
 Concentration of capital, finance, and all other resources + the concentration of freedom to
act
 Only a few wealthy people benefit from it while the rest doesn't
 Ability to be part of mobility (time-space-compression) divides world into globalised (few
rich, resourceful and powerful people, jetsets/tourists) and localised (most of other people,
vagabonds)
 Leads to increase of inequality



How does Massey define power-geometry?
 the ways in which different people and places experienced processes such as globalisation
 the usually highly uneven and systematic ways in which different individuals and groups are
positioned within networks of time-space flows and connections
 places are still significant and are being reworked through processes of globalisation rather
than annihilated by it
 Examples: the control over distribution of goods and services, wealth, health, welfare



What does Geertz mean with "thick description"?
 thick description as a way of providing cultural context and meaning to human actions and
behavior, as opposed to "thin description" which is a factual account without any
interpretation
 ethnographer must present a thick description which is composed not only of facts but also
of commentary, interpretation and interpretations of those comments



How does Geertz describe culture?
 culture as a system of symbols to be interpreted according to the logic of a (dynamic) given
cultural context
 culture is a web of symbols that aren't existing before + need to be deciphered
 People construct web of symbols themselves
 meaning of a culture can only be understood from within a given cultural context
(researcher need to live among the "natives")
 You don't study a village, but you study in a village
 Can only understand native experiences by knowing broader cultural context and the other
way around (be embedded in the native web of meaning)

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