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summary complete mental health nursing
summary complete mental health nursing
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lOMoARcPSD|11700591Summary - complete - Mental health nursing
Mental Health Nursing (Deakin University)
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HNN222 2014 T1
HNN222 Mental Health Exam notes
Mental Health nursing, aetiology and pharmacology
Mental Health: State of wellbeing which every individual realizes their own potential, can cope with stress of life,
work productively and fruitfully and is able to make a contribution to community.
‘Mental wellbeing’ – a positive concept. Refers to resilience and good functioning, also incorporates
flourishing, happiness and getting the most out of life
Mental illness: A clinically recognizable set of symptoms related to mood, thought, cognition and behaviour that is
associated with distress and interferes with normal functioning.
A diagnosed clinical condition
Therapeutic relationship: Purposeful, goal driven relationship between nurse and pt, aiming to support the
patient in their recovery.
Elements: Trust, respect, empathy, collaboration, listening, communication.
How does therapeutic relationship and communication contribute to person centered care?
Focus on individual needs, respect pt choices/beliefs/goals, tailored to individual
Personality disorder:
A diagnosis that occurs when manifestations of personality in an individual start to interfere negatively with the
individuals life.
Maladaptive personality
Abnormal behaviour pattern is enduring, long standing
Effects personal and social situations
Borderline Personality Disorder:
Terrified of abandonment
Experiences intense + unstable moods – rapid changes
Forms intense and unstable relationships
Disturbance of identity
Impulsive, self destructive behaviors – abuse, sex, spending, eating
Recurrent suicidal behaviour
Chronic feelings of emptiness and paranoia
Anger
Self image
Potential nursing management issues:
Unpredictable behaviour- can lead to harm of nurse
Maintaining boundaries
Keeping pt/other staff/self safe
May suicide watch
Antisocial personality disorder:
No regard for right and wrong and often disregard the rights, wishes and feelings of others
Tend to antagonize, manipulate or treat others harshly – showing no guilt or remorse
Persistent lying
Using charm or wit to manipulate others for personal gain
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Aetiology of mental illness:
Biological, psychological, environmental
Biological aetiological theories for mental illness:
Genetics = increased predisposition
Biochemistry – neurotransmitter theory
Brain structure abnormalities
Endocrine system dysfunction (thyroid)
Psychotropic medications:
Psychotropic: psychiatric medicines that alter chemical levels of the brain = impact mood + behaviour
Antipsychotics, antidepressants, mood stabilizers, ADHD drugs, anti anxiety
NEUROTRANSMITTERS:
Dopamine: Related to psychosis (schizophrenia)
Serotonin: Mood disorders (Depression)
Antidepressants
SSRI (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors)
Atypical
Tricyclic (TCA)
MAOIs (Monoamine oxidase inhibitors)
SSRI’s
Increase serotonin by inhibiting its reuptake into pre-synaptic cell, increasing levels of serotonin in the synaptic
cleft available to bind to postsynaptic receptor.
Block the uptake of serotonin back into brain cells = increase amount of serotonin available in the brain
for transmitting signals. This increase in improves symptoms of depression
Examples:
Citalopram
Fluoxetine (Prozac)
Sertaline (Zoloft)
Side effects:
Nausea
Insomnia
Dizziness
Weight loss/gain
Anxiety + restlessness
Decreased sex drive
Dry mouth
Fatigue
Atypical:
Reuptake inhibitors
Include serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs, NDRIs, NRIs)
Alter chemical messages (neurotransmitters) used to communicate between cells
Examples: Bupropion, Mirtazapine
Side effects:
Fatigue
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