Samenvatting
Summary A* points - was stalinism a continuation of Leninism
- Vak
- Instelling
- Boek
A* level Russia Revolution and Dictatorship
[Meer zien]Voorbeeld 1 van de 1 pagina's
Voorbeeld 1 van de 1 pagina's
In winkelwagen
In winkelwagen
gesponsord bericht van onze partner
Gekoppeld boek
Titel boek:
Auteur(s):
- Uitgave:
- ISBN:
- Druk:
Meer samenvattingen voor studieboek
-
AQA A level history: Russia YR2
-
AQA A level history: Russia YR1
-
Mind maps summarising each topic of Russia a level
Verkoper
Volgen
examsuccesshelp
Ontvangen beoordelingen
Voorbeeld van de inhoud
To what extent was the Communist state under Stalin a continuation of the Red Terrorstarted by Lenin?
Arguments suggesting that there was continuity:
• Lenin ensured that he established a Bolshevik (single-party) state. Rapidly abandoned
coalition government. Removed and persecuted SRs and Mensheviks (dismissal of
Constituent Assembly, January 1918); this ruthless eradication of opposition could be
compared with Stalin's rise to power and elimination of rivals – which reached its apogee in
the purges and his government through a one-party state
• coercion was regarded by both as more important than ‘democracy’ – both ran a
centralised system based on the party. Lenin's ban on factions 1921 meant any decision of
Central Committee had to be accepted. This was used by Stalin, under whom no criticism
was possible
• Lenin set up and used the Cheka (from December 1917) to root out enemies. This became
the NKVD in 1934 under Stalin and under both there was 'ruthless' vigilance/spy network
• Red Terror during the Civil War helped eliminate political enemies and made Terror (as
later used by Stalin) a legitimate policy of state
• Lenin began the onslaught against class-enemies – those of aristocratic or middle-class
backgrounds depriving them of rations – which Stalin continued, particularly in his
persecution of Kulaks and bourgeois industrialists
• Lenin's harsh Cheka grain requisitions in countryside pre-1921 (and some even after NEP)
with execution of suspected black marketeers, hoarders and speculators and destruction of
whole villages (which produced Tambov revolt) foreshadowed Stalin's treatment of the
Kulaks.
• Lenin instituted the Communist censorship of the press – the closure of non-Bolshevik
newspapers, purge of bureaucracy, propaganda campaign against class enemies – again as
ruthless as Stalin's campaigns
• Lenin was equally hostile to campaigns for 'national self-determination' for ethnic groups
from 1921 (demands from Georgia brutally crushed 1922)
• both persecuted the Church. Lenin's union of Militant Godless established 1921 – part of
systematic campaign to weaken power of Church. It could even be argued that in this he
was even more ruthless than Stalin who allowed some rehabilitation in the war years.
Arguments suggesting that there wasn’t complete continuity:
• Lenin's 'Red Terror' was a response to exceptional wartime circumstances. It has been
suggested that the terror was simply a way of saving the country from collapse at a time of
famine, strikes and breakdown in law and order and was designed to protect the revolution
and the working class; this can be contrasted with Stalinist terror and the purges, which
served no practical purpose and could be argued to have weakened the state.
• the extreme Cheka activities were more the result of local zeal than government policy
under Lenin whereas Stalin was far more committed to ruthless eradication.
• Stalin was responsible for crushing the Georgian revolt of 1922 and acted against Lenin's
wishes; this gives some indication of his greater ruthlessness.
Voordelen van het kopen van samenvattingen bij Stuvia op een rij:
Verzekerd van kwaliteit door reviews
Stuvia-klanten hebben meer dan 700.000 samenvattingen beoordeeld. Zo weet je zeker dat je de beste documenten koopt!
Snel en makkelijk kopen
Je betaalt supersnel en eenmalig met iDeal, creditcard of Stuvia-tegoed voor de samenvatting. Zonder lidmaatschap.
Focus op de essentie
Samenvattingen worden geschreven voor en door anderen. Daarom zijn de samenvattingen altijd betrouwbaar en actueel. Zo kom je snel tot de kern!
Veelgestelde vragen
Wat krijg ik als ik dit document koop?
Je krijgt een PDF, die direct beschikbaar is na je aankoop. Het gekochte document is altijd, overal en oneindig toegankelijk via je profiel.
Tevredenheidsgarantie: hoe werkt dat?
Onze tevredenheidsgarantie zorgt ervoor dat je altijd een studiedocument vindt dat goed bij je past. Je vult een formulier in en onze klantenservice regelt de rest.
Van wie koop ik deze samenvatting?
Stuvia is een marktplaats, je koop dit document dus niet van ons, maar van verkoper examsuccesshelp. Stuvia faciliteert de betaling aan de verkoper.
Zit ik meteen vast aan een abonnement?
Nee, je koopt alleen deze samenvatting voor €9,28. Je zit daarna nergens aan vast.
Is Stuvia te vertrouwen?
4,6 sterren op Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
Afgelopen 30 dagen zijn er 81989 samenvattingen verkocht
Opgericht in 2010, al 14 jaar dé plek om samenvattingen te kopen