This document is the first assignment of Unit 9 IT Project Management in BTEC. It consists of 36 pages (11,300+ words) that have met P1, P2, M1 and D1 which is required to get the highest possible grade (Distinction) in Assignment 1. I have explained, analysed and evaluated using appropriate defini...
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Saim Qureshi Assignment 1 Unit 9: IT Project Management
ASSIGNMENT 1
Contents & Page Numbers
Contents
Contents & Page Numbers...........................................................................................................................1
What is a Project?........................................................................................................................................3
What is Project Scope?............................................................................................................................3
What is Project Management?....................................................................................................................3
Project Management Methodologies......................................................................................................3
Project Life Cycle......................................................................................................................................3
Project Manager......................................................................................................................................4
Projects IN Controlled Environments (PRINCE2)..........................................................................................5
What is PRINCE2?....................................................................................................................................5
Principles of PRINCE2...............................................................................................................................5
Themes of PRINCE2.................................................................................................................................6
Roles of PRINCE2.....................................................................................................................................7
Processes of PRINCE2..............................................................................................................................7
Advantages & Disadvantages...................................................................................................................9
References...............................................................................................................................................9
Rapid Application Development (RAD)......................................................................................................10
What is RAD...........................................................................................................................................10
Phases of RAD........................................................................................................................................10
Benefits & Limitations of RAD Methodology.........................................................................................12
What are CASE TOOLS?..........................................................................................................................13
Waterfall Methodology.............................................................................................................................13
Process of Waterfall Methodology........................................................................................................14
Documentations....................................................................................................................................15
Advantages & Disadvantages.................................................................................................................15
Agile Project Management........................................................................................................................16
Why is Agile Important for Project Management?................................................................................16
How Agile Works....................................................................................................................................16
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,Saim Qureshi Assignment 1 Unit 9: IT Project Management
History of Agile......................................................................................................................................17
Types of Agile Methodologies: Scrum, Kanban & XP.............................................................................18
Scrum.................................................................................................................................................18
Extreme Programming (XP)................................................................................................................18
Kanban...............................................................................................................................................18
Difference between Scrum & XP........................................................................................................18
Project Schedule / Cost Estimation Techniques.....................................................................................19
Traditional PM versus Agile Methods....................................................................................................19
Agile Project Management (cont’d).......................................................................................................19
Advantages of Agile PM.....................................................................................................................19
Agile PM Principles................................................................................................................................20
Agile Manifesto......................................................................................................................................20
The Four Values of The Agile Manifesto............................................................................................20
Phases of the Agile Methodology..........................................................................................................20
Advantages & Disadvantages.................................................................................................................22
Key Benefits of Agile Project Management........................................................................................22
Project Management Structures................................................................................................................23
User Requirements................................................................................................................................23
Functional Requirements (FR)............................................................................................................23
Non-Functional Requirements (FR)....................................................................................................23
Project Job Roles....................................................................................................................................23
Operational Test Environment...............................................................................................................25
Live Deployment....................................................................................................................................25
CASE STUDY...............................................................................................................................................26
A Telecommunications Company..........................................................................................................26
AIS Electronic Library (AISeL).................................................................................................................29
FileMaker Application............................................................................................................................32
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,Saim Qureshi Assignment 1 Unit 9: IT Project Management
What is a Project?
A project is defined as a sequence of tasks that must be completed to attain a certain outcome.
According to the Project Management Institute (PMI), the term Project refers to “Any temporary
endeavour with a definite beginning and end”. This means that every project has a beginning and an end
whether the it fails or succeeds.
What is Project Scope?
The scope of project means all the work that needs to be implemented in order to achieve the project's
objectives. In other words, the scope involves the process of identifying and documenting specific
project goals, outcomes, tasks, costs, and timeline/deadline dates specific to the project objectives.
Why projects fail?
Many projects fail due to:
Poor time management
Poor quality management
Poor plan management
Poor money management
Poor scope management
What is Project Management?
Project management is a process of methods, knowledge, and experience to achieve a specific project
objective according to the project acceptance criteria within agreed limitations such as budget, time,
and quality constraints.
Project Management Methodologies
There are many different types of project methodologies out there that offers different kind of project
management strategies for different kind of projects. For example, if you want to launch a software
application or a website then RAD (Rapid Application Development) would be a decent choice because it
allows constant communication between client and you so you can come up with the perfect product at
the end. If your software project is a bit bigger with involves more people than just you and client, then
Agile would be better because it provides the same strategy but is a better way for companies (more
people).
Before using a project management methodology, we need to know how does a project management
methodology work or what instructions every methodology follows. Just like everything has a life cycle,
projects also have a life cycle which helps to start and end a project with all the different procedures
required to meet the objective of project.
Project Life Cycle
The project life cycle describes the stages a project goes through as it progresses from start to finish. A
well-defined life cycle brings order and structure to the project.
Initiation
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,Saim Qureshi Assignment 1 Unit 9: IT Project Management
If the project will succeed or not (Feasible), worth doing or not
Write the project starter
Identify Stakeholders
Choose Project manager tools
Planning
Create a Project Plan
What are the Resources (Money, People)
Decide Project goals
Organise work goals
Meeting with stakeholders:
o Outline goals
o Assign tasks
o Develop the plan
o Performance metrics
o Identify roadblocks
o Create a Schedule
o Choose a methodology
o Provide tools
Execution
Personal introduction
Describe scope
Team roles
Closure
Take product inventory
Store project file
Share results
Acknowledge teamwork
Send to customer
Project Manager
If you don’t follow these project life cycle instructions or any methodology then there is a very high
chance that your project will fail because you don’t have skills and knowledge to handle a project and
complete its objective in a way so that the quality of project is better and you met the deadline of the
project.
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, Saim Qureshi Assignment 1 Unit 9: IT Project Management
This is where a project manager comes in. A project manager is an individual who have all the skills to
implement the project management methodology into a project. A project manager must have these
skills and qualities:
1. Leadership
2. Information Technology
3. Problem Solving
4. Accounting / Budgeting
5. Time Management
6. Collaboration
7. Good Communication
8. Adaptability
Characteristics of PM
Methodologies
Projects IN Controlled Environments (PRINCE2)
What is PRINCE2?
PRINCE2 is a project management methodology and practitioner certification programme, that is mostly
used by governments and large companies to do complex projects. However, it’s a flexible method that
can used by people and organizations from wide-ranging industries. It guides you through the vital
points that are needed for a project to be successful.
Why is PRINCE2 Important for Project Management?
The skills you learn through PRINCE2 will help you to manage a project more successfully and more
effectively. It will also help with your career progression - for many organisations, having PRINCE2 is
necessary to get a job as a project manager. About 88% of project professionals said that PRINCE2
helped them in their career. (prince2.com)
Principles of PRINCE2
There are seven principles of PRINCE2.
1. Continued Business Justification
A project must make good business sense. There needs to be a clear return on investment (budget) and
the use of time and resources should be justified.
2. Learn from Experience
Project teams should take lessons and learn from previous projects. A lessons log is kept updated for
this reason.
3. Defined Roles and Responsibilities
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