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Summary SEMINAR TEXTS WEEK 1-6 National Thought In Europe

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National Thought In Europe

Instelling
Universiteit Van Amsterdam (UvA)

In depth summary of all the texts from week 1-6 (national thought) -background author -main arguments -relevance texts Also with a short dutch summary in the end (which you can translate) and here and there dutch translations of difficult terms.

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Geupload op 23 oktober 2022
Aantal pagina's 67
Geschreven in 2022/2023
Type Samenvatting

seminar texts
the idea of europe
the axe laid to the root
of cannibals
de montaigne
wedderburn
discourse on colonialism
cesaire
the spirit
for a free and united europe
the equality of the human races

NATIONAL THOUGHT
Tentamen voorbereiding
Let’s fuckin do this

CONTENT (Inhoud)

- Summaries of all texts from every week

- Important notes and links

- English, but at the end of the text a small Dutch summary

- Clear Overview of what you have to remember

- Perfect prep for the exam

wat moet ik leren?

- het bewustzijn van Europa als een transnationale culturele eenheid en een

geografische en ideologisch gebied met zowel verschillen als overeenkomsten;

- inzicht in de opkomst en ontwikkeling van de diversiteit van het Europese culturele

landschap sinds de late middeleeuwen;

- bewustzijn van de dynamiek tussen cultuur en politiek, en de complexiteit van

historische verschijnselen en ontwikkelingen;

- bewustzijn van het moderne Europa als omstreden idee;

- Europa begrijpen als een conglomeraat van natiestaten en complexe transnationale

processen;

- de gevolgen van nationalisme en nationaal denken begrijpen;

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,samenvatting teksten (summaries texts)

(1) the idea of europe (John McCormick)2014

-hij is een specialist on the politics en beleid on the european union en over wat europese

identiteit is. Het idee van europa is verdeeld in twee stukken. het eerste stuk gaat over wat

europa nou precies is. wat betekent het om europees te zijn, wat is eu identiteit en welke

factoren het zijn. Zijn hele punt is dat europa hard to define is. This is due to its

complicated history, unclear geographical boundaries, as well as messy politics and cultural

differences according to location. he also argues that in order to determine how to best go

about European integration, we first need to understand what Europe as an idea means.

Europeans may need to find themselves in relation to others which means that they Focus

more on what sets them apart from other cultures rather than what brings them together.

The continuous Wars and conflicts between European countries obviously didn't help that

either.

Mccormick introduces another important concept here, which is: Europeanism: it sounds

super abstract, but it basically refers to the support for the process of European

integration it's second meaning in compasses the Shared values and ideals of the

Europeans like multiculturalism, in the rule of law, human rights, democracy, capitalism

and social issues. you should take these so-called European characteristics typical of

Europeans with a grain of salt. Its Good to think about: to what extent these values have

been imposed and did not actually naturally form within European societies. Just ask

yourself: is this how Europeans feel about being European? and is this what Europe stands

for? in practise is there more to the story than an ideal Vision on what Europe means? Now

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,that's a complicated question of course but it generally helps to assess which arguments

you believe have value.

After introducing these concepts the text proceeds to deal with a quick history of how the

term “Europe” has evolved over the centuries and I'll summarize it a bit here.

The idea of Europe is believed to have started somewhere around the early middle ages

and by the 15th century it was used more and more by scholars. It was however always

associated with the idea of Christianity. clearly having one common religion plays a huge

part in determining what makes up being ‘European’. The Renaissance bought with a shift

away from the church, as people were becoming more and more individualistic. during the

French Revolution the idea of Europe was explored by important thinkers who mentioned

for the first time the concept of Unity → in order to achieve peace on the continent.

Slowly the idea of Europe has become an political ideal, but up until the Cold War, Europe

was generally characterised by conflict between its own States. being caught between two

superpowers: the US in the US are European States and their people felt the need to co-

operate and Discover shared interest. In other words they chose to focus on what brings

them together rather than what sets them apart.

With this new discovery of similarity on several levels (political, economic or social)

Europeanism can be seen as two things: encouraging the idea of European integration and

also emphasising the common values the Europeans share. Whatever form that might

take.

focus on the different processes that lead to understanding of Europe today.

In the first part of the text, McCormick talked about what Europe is and how unclear the

borders are, especially in the east. Normally the borders are considered to be Ural

mountains, the Caspian Sea, the Caucasus Mountains, the Black Sea and the Bosphorus

Strait and of course the Mediterranean Sea in the Atlantic ocean. So as these borders are

taken into account, that would be 40 countries in Europe, of which there are 27 European

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, Union countries, however, the limits remain unclear and can depend on one’s own

perspective and could include different states.

So let's go over the most important points just one more time:

After the Cold War, people's loyalty was transferred more towards Europe and became

less focused on National States and identities. While research shows that there are

common values and opinions across the EU regarding social and economic issues, the

characteristics of a common European identity has still not been set in stone. McCormick

argues that Europeans generally try more and more to integrate and find out what they

have in common, rather than what sets them apart.

So: what is the relevance of this article? McCormick is still an important figure in the

current debate, concerning Europe, its organization and identity and how these form. He is

also a promoter of the idea of Europe and the European Union. An important question to

ask is: what consequences does this have on his writing when dealing with academic text?

you should always be critical of the authors that you're reading as they’re never bias-free.

Regarding “the idea of Europe” itself, the most relevant aspect is that it shows how fluid

the idea of what Europe and being European is. It also evolves over time and is influenced

by academic, cultural, political, etc factors.

the main points that we made first discusses what Europe means and how the concept

evolved over time? secondly, he argues how fuzzy the borders of the continent are and

how difficult it is to map down just where it actually begins and ends (geographically and

conceptionally). finally we talked about the importance of the text and what lessons you

can draw from critically thinking about it .

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