Billing and Coding NHA Study Guide: Medical
Terminology/Body Structures
What makes up the integumentary body system? (NHA Billing and Coding Study
Guide, page 9)
the skin and its accessory organs
How large an area does the skin cover in an average adult? (NHA Billing and
Coding Study Guide, page 9)
22 square feet
What do the sebaceous or oil glands and the suddoriferous or sweat glands
produce? (NHA Billing and Coding Study Guide, page 9)
these glands produce secretions that allow the body to be moisturized or cooled
What is the epidermis? (NHA Billing and Coding Study Guide, page 6)
a thin, cellular membrane layer that contains keratin
What is the dermis? (NHA Billing and Coding Study Guide, page 9)
a dense, fibrous, connective tissue that contains collagen
What is the subcutaneous layer? (NHA Billing and Coding Study Guide, page 9)
a thicker and fatter tissue than the epidermis and the dermis
What are hair fibers composed of? (NHA Billing and Coding Study Guide, page 9)
they are composed of a tightly fused meshwork of cells filled with hard protein called
keratin
What is the lunula? (NHA Billing and Coding Study Guide, page 9)
the moon like white area at the base of a nail
What is the eponychium? (NHA Billing and Coding Study Guide, page 9)
the cuticle at the lower part of a nail
Where are sebaceous glands located? (NHA Billing and Coding Study Guide,
page 9)
they are located in the dermal layer of the skin over the entire body, except for the
palms of the hands and the soles of the feet
What do sebaceous glands secrete? (NHA Billing and Coding Study Guide, page
9)
an oily substance called sebum
What is a pore? (NHA Billing and Coding Study Guide, page 9)
a tiny opening on the surface of the epidermis
What are the two types of sweat glands? (NHA Billing and Coding Study Guide,
page 9)
eccrine sweat glands and apocrine sweat glands
What are the most common type of sweat glands? (NHA Billing and Coding Study
Guide, page 9)
the eccrine sweat glands
What do apocrine sweat glands secrete? (NHA Billing and Coding Study Guide,
page 10)
an odorless sweat
What are adrenal glands? (NHA Billing and Coding Study Guide, page 10)
they are organs that secrete hormones
What do adrenal glands secrete? (NHA Billing and Coding Study Guide, page 10)
epinephrine and steroids
, What does albino mean? (NHA Billing and Coding Study Guide, page 10)
deficient in pigment or melanin
What is collagen? (NHA Billing and Coding Study Guide, page 10)
a structural protein found in the skin and connective tissue
What is melanin? (NHA Billing and Coding Study Guide, page 10)
a major skin pigment
What is a lipocyte? (NHA Billing and Coding Study Guide, page 10)
a fat cell
What is a macule? (NHA Billing and Coding Study Guide, page 10)
a discolored, flat lesion, such as a freckle or a tattoo mark
What is a fissure? (NHA Billing and Coding Study Guide, page 10)
a groove or crack-like sore
What is a vesicle? (NHA Billing and Coding Study Guide, page 10)
a small collection of clear fluid or a blister
What is a wheal? (NHA Billing and Coding Study Guide, page 10)
a smooth, slightly elevated, edematous or swollen area that is redder or paler than the
surrounding skin
What is alopecia? (NHA Billing and Coding Study Guide, page 10)
the absence of hair from areas where it normally grows
What is impetigo? (NHA Billing and Coding Study Guide, page 10)
a bacterial inflammatory skin disease characterized by lesions, pustules, and vesicles
What are ligaments? (NHA Billing and Coding Study Guide, page 11)
fibrous bands of tissue
What are attached to bones by tendons? (NHA Billing and Coding Study Guide,
page 11)
muscles are attached to bones by tendons
What is the fibrous covering of muscles? (NHA Billing and Coding Study Guide,
page 11)
the fascia
What does articular cartilage do? (NHA Billing and Coding Study Guide, page 11)
it covers the end of many bones and it serves a protective function
What is hematopoietic tissue? (NHA Billing and Coding Study Guide, page 11)
where the red bone marrow manufactures blood cells
What do some other parts of bones do? (NHA Billing and Coding Study Guide,
page 11)
function as storage areas for minerals necessary for bone growth
What are two examples of minerals necessary for bone growth? (NHA Billing and
Coding Study Guide, page 11)
calcium and phosphorous
What makes up the appendicular skeleton? (NHA Billing and Coding Study Guide,
page 11)
the shoulder, the collar, the pelvis, the arms, and the legs
What are two examples of large bones? (NHA Billing and Coding Study Guide,
page 11)
the humerus and the femur
