Betyls - Greeks and Romans used to call meteorites this - as God's house that fell to the earth. They enshrined these materials.
Kaaba Stone - Muslims use this at the mecca - pay homage
Father of Meteroritics - Ernst Chaldni - discovered the study of meteorites
Where's the asteroid Belt? W...
EARTHSCI 1086 FINAL
Betyls - Greeks and Romans used to call meteorites this - as God's house that fell to the
earth. They enshrined these materials.
Kaaba Stone - Muslims use this at the mecca - pay homage
Father of Meteroritics - Ernst Chaldni - discovered the study of meteorites
Where's the asteroid Belt? Why here? - B/w Mars and Jupiter
During the early formation of the SS, the gravitational forces of different planets affected
the asteroids. So some asteroids grew into large bodies while others stayed w/n the influence of Jupiter
Asteroid - Rocky object in space that's >100m
Meteoroid - Rocky object in space that <100m
Meteor - Streak of light associated with a meteor coming into Earth's atmosphere
Meterorite - Something that hits Earth
Fireball - Large asteroid/meteoroid
Titus Bode Law - A law the predicts the spacing between planets in the solar system
Why is it important to analyze asteroids? - 1. Primitive Material
2. Where water/organic material came from
3. We will get hit by one
What are Kirkwood Gaps? - distances b/w gaps correspond to simple fractions of the orbital period of Jupiter.
Two forces that are acting on the asteroid belt? What does this have to do with the Kirkwood gaps? - Sun's gravity
Jupiter gravity
- Asteroids entering the gap are booted out by the gravitation disruption forces at velocities so great that they can escape the Belt
- Come to us then??
What is Albedo and how it is measured? Carbon vs. Metal - Albedo is the amount of reflection off a surface... Calculated from 0-1
Carbon = 0 Metal = 1
What do spectrometers do? - Breaks down light into a whole spectrum and tells us what
minerals are reflecting the light
Differentiation? - Heated through radioactive decay from the energy released during accretion enough that the interior starts to melt
Types of asteroids? Most primitive? Which ones are closer to Jupiter? - C
S
M
D&P types are the most primitive and near Jupiter
Asteroids with most albedo? - E-type - enstatite
Two types of S-asteroids? Where are the common? - Chondrites - these guys have never been altered
- common on earth
- rare on belt
Achondrites - altered bare - common on belt
- rare on earth
Give an example of the kinds of features the spacecraft Dawn has observed on large asteroids. - Dawn looked at surface of Vesta which showed three things:
1. Impact history
2. Minerology
3. Morphology
Taller mountains than Earth
Moved onto Ceres
1. High reflective spots w/n craters
2. CO2 on Mars?
Asteroid Family
More stress?
Fragments from larger or smaller? - Destruction that occurs when planetesimals collide and produces fragments
- Smaller body gets more stress
- Fragments come from the bigger one
Near Earth Objects - circular or elliptical orbits? - Elliptical
Atens
Apollos Amors - Atens - less than 1AU
Apollos - cross the Earth's orbit
Amors - cross Mars' orbits
What makes an impactor cause global effects? - 1km diameter
Trojan Asteroids - Chunks trapped in the Legrangian zone - 60* bf and after Jupiter
PHA - Potentially Hazardous Asteroid
- 150m in diameter and less than 0.05AU to earth
Torino Scale - 1-10
Meteoritics - father? - Study of meteorites
- Ernst Chandil
Find vs. Fall - Find - you find it Fall - you see it fall and take it
Types of Meteoroids - Stony - most
Irons
Stony-Irons
Chondrules? What are they a type of? - They're inside of chondrites
- Condensed from a hot cloud of gas and dust
aggregates of 'cosmic sediment'
What type of rock comprises Achondrites? - They've been altered - they're igneous rock
(common Earth and uncommon in the Asteroid Belt)
Most Important chondrite? - Carbonaceous - composition matches the sun more than any other material
- Diamond
- Graphite
- Hydrocarbons
What is the residual product? Where is this found? - Part that hasn't melted recrystallized on Achondrite
What's the primitive achondrite? - Parts of the residual product
Where did micro-meteoroids come from? - They're tiny af
1. Asteroid Belt - collisoins
2. Comets - Dust tails
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