West Coast University: NURS 340 Public Health Proctor Study Guide,100% CORRECT
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NURS 340
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NURS 340
West Coast University: NURS 340 Public Health Proctor Study Guide
- Fundamentals
o Ethical Principles
▪ Autonomy
• The right to make one's own personal decisions even when those decisions might not be in that person's own best interest
▪ Beneficence
• Action that promotes good for...
west coast university nurs 340 public health proctor study guide
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West Coast University: NURS 340 Public Health Proctor Study Guide
- Fundamentals
o Ethical Principles
▪ Autonomy
• The right to make one's own personal decisions even when those
decisions might not be in that person's own best interest
▪ Beneficence
• Action that promotes good for others without any self interest
▪ Fidelity
• fulfillment of promises
▪ Justice
• Fairness in care delivery and use of resources
▪ nonmaleficence
• A commitment to do no harm
▪ Veracity
• A commitment to tell the truth
o Infection control
▪ Immune defenses
• Native immunity
o Restricts entry or immediately respond to a foreign Organism
regardless of previous exposure
• passive immunity
o Antibodies are produced by an external source
• specific adaptive immunity
o Allows the body to make antibodies in response to a foreign
Organism
• active immunity
o Antibodies are produced in response to an antigen
▪ Chain of infection
• Causative agent
• Reservoir
• Portal of exit means for leaving
o Droplet or airborne
o GI tract
o Genitourinary tract
o Skin or mucous membranes
o Blood or body fluids
o Transplacental
• Mode of transmission
• Portal of entry
• Susceptible host
▪ Stages of an infection
• Incubation
o Interval between the pathogen entering the body and the
presentation of the first symptom
• Prodromal stage
o Interval from onset of general symptoms to more distinct
symptoms . During this time the pathogen is
multiplying
• Illness stage
o Interval when symptoms specific to the infection occur
• Convalescence
o Interval when acute symptoms disappear. Total recovery could
take days to months
▪ Standard precautions ( tier one )
• Applies to all body fluids (except sweat), nonintact skin an mucous
membrane
• Alcohol-based waterless antiseptic is preferred unless the hands are
visibly dirty then soap must be used
▪ Transmission precautions ( tier two )
• Airborne
1
, o Measles, Varicella, Pulmonary or laryngeal tuberculosis
o Required
▪ N95 or HEPA mask
▪ Negative pressure airflow exchange at least 6 to 12
exchanges per hour
▪ If splashing or spraying full face protection is needed
• Droplet
o Streptococcal pharyngitis or pneumonia, Hemophilus, influenza
type B, scarlet fever, rubella, pertussis,
mumps, mycoplasma pneumonia, meningococcal pneumonia
and sepsis, pneumonic plaque
o Required
▪ 3 to 6 ft from the client
2
, ▪ Private room or with someone with same infection
▪ Masks
• Contact
o Respiratory syncytial virus, shigella, enteric diseases caused by
micro-organisms, wound infections,
herpes simplex, impetigo, scabies, multidrug-resistant
organisms
o Required
▪ 3 ft of the client
▪ Private room or with someone that has the infection
▪ Gloves and gowns
• Protective
o Requires
▪ Private room
▪ Positive airflow 12 or more per hour
▪ HEPA filtration for incoming air
▪ Mask on client when they leave room
▪ Guidelines for cleaning contaminated equipment
• Rinse first in running cold water
• Wash article with warm water and soap
• Use brush to wash
• Rinse well in warm water
• Dry
▪ Herpes zoster (shingles)
• Shingles is usually preceded by a prodromal period of several days,
during which pain, tingling or burning might occur along the
involved dermatome
• Expected findings
o Paresthesia
o Pain that is unilateral and extends horizontally along a
dermatome
o Vesicular, unilateral rash
o Rash that is erythematous, vesicular, pustular or crusting (
depending on stage)
o Rash that usually resolves in 14 to 21 days
o Low grade fever
• Nursing care
o Use of air mattress or bed cradle for pain prevention and
control of affected areas
o Isolate the client until the vesicles have crusted over
o Strict wound care precautions
o Use lotions to help relieve itching and discomfort
• Medications
o Analgesics
o Antiviral agents
• Complications
o Postherpetic neuralgia
▪ Characterized by pain that persists for longer than 1
month following resolution of the vesicular rash
▪ Common in adults older than 60 years of age
o Home safety
▪ Infants and toddles
• Aspiration
o Do not feed the infant hard candy, peanuts, popcorn or whole
or sliced pieces of hot dog
• Suffocation
• Poisoning
3
, • Falls
• Motor vehicle injury
o Rear-facing car seat until 2 years of age
o Car seat with a five-point harness
• Burns
▪ Preschoolers and School-age children
• Drowning
• Motor vehicle injury
o Use booster seats for children who are less than 4 feet 9 inches
tall and weigh less than 40 lbs.
o If care has a passenger air bag, place children under 12 years In
the back seat
• Begin sex education
• Firearms
• Play injury
• Burns
• Poison
▪ Adolescents
4
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