Tentamen (uitwerkingen)
Problem 6: misconceptions
- Instelling
- Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam (EUR)
Detailed summary of the problem including all the articles
[Meer zien]Voorbeeld 1 van de 5 pagina's
Voorbeeld 1 van de 5 pagina's
In winkelwagengesponsord bericht van onze partner
1 beoordeling
Door: serpilendirlik • 7 jaar geleden
Voorbeeld van de inhoud
PROBLEM 6: MISCONCEPTIONSMENTAL MODELS IN CONCEPTUAL DEVELOPMENT ( VOSNIADOU)
It is assumed that children’s theories are different from scientific theories because children’s theories lack
many important characteristics of scientific theories, such as, their systematically, abstractness, and
social/institutional nature. In addition, it appears that children lack meta-conceptual awareness of their
theories, do not make the explicit distinction between theory and evidence, and do not understand how
theories guide the hypothesis testing process. However, by the end of the first year, infants understand how
physical causation works and appreciate the differences between psychological and physical causality;
framework theories. Specific theories are embedded within framework theories and are constrained by
them. For example, research with preschool and elementary school children has shown that young children
categorize the earth as a physical object (rather than as an astronomical object) and apply to it all the
properties of physical objects.
Models are important in science because they can be used to help in the construct theories. They are the
sources of both predictive and explanatory power and can be used to suggest new hypotheses and aid in
scientific discovery. Mental models are defined as a form of mental representation that preserves the
structure of that which it represents. They are important for generating predictions and explanations. The
function of mental models are:
Mental models as aids in the construction of explanations: Mental models can help people to draw
on implicit physical knowledge that can be then used to answer questions, solve problems, etc. By
doing so, the implicit knowledge becomes explicit and conceptual. Example, drawing C from pre-
discussion.
Mental models as mediators in the interpretation and acquisition of new information: It appears that
on the one hand mental models are constrained by prior beliefs and presuppositions and on the
other, once formed, they themselves act as constraints on the way the new information that enters
the conceptual system is interpreted. For example, children drew the earth in a way that the sun
would be up and the moon would be down from earth. They interpreted that earth made an up/down
rotation to explain how night and day appear. They don’t consider the sun or moon to come from
east to west because they see that the sun comes from “down the earth”.
Mental models as tools that allow experimentation and theory revision: misconceptions are often
creative solutions to the problem of incorporating theoretically inconsistent information into the
knowledge base. They demonstrate the constructive nature of human cognition, and are important
mediators in the process of conceptual change.
Mental models play an important role in conceptual development and conceptual change, because they are
not, completely, determined neither by data nor by theory. They retain a degree of independence that is
responsible for the fact that they can function in ways that promote theory development.
CONSTRUCTION OF MENTAL MODELS OF THE EARTH
1. Initial models: the child doesn’t know that the earth is round
a. Rectangular earth: the earth has a flat rectangular form
b. Disc earth: the earth has a flat-disk rectangular form
2. Synthetic models: children start hearing that the earth is round so they ASSIMILATE the information
Voordelen van het kopen van samenvattingen bij Stuvia op een rij:
Verzekerd van kwaliteit door reviews
Stuvia-klanten hebben meer dan 700.000 samenvattingen beoordeeld. Zo weet je zeker dat je de beste documenten koopt!
Snel en makkelijk kopen
Je betaalt supersnel en eenmalig met iDeal, creditcard of Stuvia-tegoed voor de samenvatting. Zonder lidmaatschap.
Focus op de essentie
Samenvattingen worden geschreven voor en door anderen. Daarom zijn de samenvattingen altijd betrouwbaar en actueel. Zo kom je snel tot de kern!
Veelgestelde vragen
Wat krijg ik als ik dit document koop?
Je krijgt een PDF, die direct beschikbaar is na je aankoop. Het gekochte document is altijd, overal en oneindig toegankelijk via je profiel.
Tevredenheidsgarantie: hoe werkt dat?
Onze tevredenheidsgarantie zorgt ervoor dat je altijd een studiedocument vindt dat goed bij je past. Je vult een formulier in en onze klantenservice regelt de rest.
Van wie koop ik deze samenvatting?
Stuvia is een marktplaats, je koop dit document dus niet van ons, maar van verkoper nataliabatres. Stuvia faciliteert de betaling aan de verkoper.
Zit ik meteen vast aan een abonnement?
Nee, je koopt alleen deze samenvatting voor €2,99. Je zit daarna nergens aan vast.
Is Stuvia te vertrouwen?
4,6 sterren op Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
Afgelopen 30 dagen zijn er 61001 samenvattingen verkocht
Opgericht in 2010, al 14 jaar dé plek om samenvattingen te kopen