TEST BANK
Essentials for Nursing Practice
Patricia A. Potter, Anne Griffin Perry, Patricia A. Stockert, and Amy M. Hall
9th Edition
,Table of Contents
Chapter 01: Professional Nursing 1
Chapter 02: Health and Wellness 6
Chapter 03: The Health Care Delivery System 14
Chapter 04: Community-Based Nursing Practice 24
Chapter 05: Legal Principles in Nursing 29
Chapter 06: Ethics 42
Chapter 07: Evidence-Based Practice 50
Chapter 08: Critical Thinking 59
Chapter 09: Nursing Process 70
Chapter 10: Informatics and Documentation 84
Chapter 11: Communication 96
Chapter 12: Patient Education 106
Chapter 13: Managing Patient Care 115
Chapter 14: Infection Prevention and Control 123
Chapter 15: Vital Signs 133
Chapter 16: Health Assessment and Physical Examination 152
Chapter 17: Administering Medications 167
Chapter 18: Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balances 186
Chapter 19: Complementary and Alternative Therapies 200
Chapter 20: Caring in Nursing Practice 206
Chapter 21: Cultural Awareness 212
Chapter 22: Spiritual Health 217
Chapter 23: Growth and Development 222
Chapter 24: Self-Concept and Sexuality 232
Chapter 25: Family Dynamics 238
Chapter 26: Stress and Coping 246
Chapter 27: Loss and Grief 254
Chapter 28: Exercise and Activity 264
Chapter 29: Immobility 273
Chapter 30: Safety 283
Chapter 31: Hygiene 294
Chapter 32: Oxygenation 301
Chapter 33: Sleep 314
Chapter 34: Pain Management 324
Chapter 35: Nutrition 334
Chapter 36: Urinary Elimination 343
Chapter 37: Bowel Elimination 351
Chapter 38: Skin Integrity and Wound Care 358
Chapter 39: Sensory Alterations 368
Chapter 40: Surgical Patient 376
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Test Bank - Essentials for Nursing Practice, 9th Edition (Potter, Perry, 2019)
Chapter 01: Professional Nursing
Potter: Essentials for Nursing Practice, 9th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which action by the nurse demonstrates implementation of Florence Nightingale’s original
theories about nursing care?
a. The patient is gently bathed and given fresh linens after giving birth.
b. The nurse forms a close therapeutic relationship with the patient.
c. The nurse helps the patient conserve energy for healing processes.
d. The nurse views the patient as a unique, ever-changing energy field.
ANS: A
Florence Nightingale worked to improve sanitation and healing environments for patients.
Gently bathing and providing fresh linens to patients is an example of Nightingale’s theory in
practice. Formation of a close therapeutic relationship with the patient, energy conservation,
and viewing patients as energy fields were not concepts included in Nightingale’s theory of
nursing practice.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application)
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OBJ: Discuss the influence of social, political, and economic changes on nursing practices.
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Basic Care and Comfort
2. The nurse is mandated by the state to complete 25 contact hours of nursing education before
the nursing license may be renewed. Which term best describes this requirement?
a. In-service education
b. Advanced education WWW.TBSM.WS
c. Continuing education
d. Certification education
ANS: C
Continuing education is required for professionals in many states. Continuing education
involves formal, organized educational programs offered by universities, hospitals, state
nurses’ associations, professional nursing organizations, and educational and health care
institutions. In-service education programs are instruction or training provided by a health
care agency or institution designed to increase the knowledge, skills, and competencies of
nurses and other health care professionals employed by the institution. Some roles for RNs in
nursing require advanced graduate degrees, such as a clinical nurse specialist or nurse
practitioner.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application)
OBJ: Discuss the importance of education in professional nursing practice.
TOP: Nursing Process: Communication and Documentation
MSC: NCLEX: Management of Care
3. The nurse is caring for a patient who suddenly becomes acutely short of breath. The nurse
elevates the head of the patient’s bed, checks the patient’s pulse oximetry, and administers 2 L
of oxygen before notifying the patient’s physician. Which term best describes the actions of
the nurse?
a. Accountability
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Test Bank - Essentials for Nursing Practice, 9th Edition (Potter, Perry, 2019)
b. Autonomy
c. Licensure
d. Certification
ANS: B
Autonomy is essential to professional nursing and involves the initiation of independent
nursing interventions without medical orders. Accountability means that you are
professionally and legally responsible for the type and quality of nursing care provided. To
obtain licensure in the United States, RN candidates must pass the NCLEX-RN® examination
administered by the individual State Boards of Nursing to obtain a nursing license. Beyond
the NCLEX-RN®, some nurses choose to work toward certification in a specific area of
nursing practice.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application)
OBJ: Discuss the characteristics of professionalism in nursing.
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Management of Care
4. Which type of program is appropriate to educate staff about new fall prevention protocols that
are to be implemented on the nursing unit?
a. In-service education
b. Advanced education
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c. Continuing education
d. Certification education
ANS: A
In-service education programs are instruction or training provided by a health care agency or
institution designed to increase the knowledge, skills, and competencies of nurses and other
health care professionals employedWWW.TBSM.WS
by the institution. Some roles for RNs in nursing require
advanced graduate degrees, such as a clinical nurse specialist or nurse practitioner. Continuing
education is required for professionals in many states. Continuing education involves formal,
organized educational programs offered by universities, hospitals, state nurses’ associations,
professional nursing organizations, and educational and health care institutions.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application)
OBJ: Discuss the importance of education in professional nursing practice.
TOP: Nursing Process: Teaching and Learning
MSC: NCLEX: Management of Care
5. Which program is appropriate for a nurse who wishes to become an expert in ostomy and
wound care?
a. Specialty certification
b. Master of Science program
c. Doctoral degree program
d. Continuing education program
ANS: A
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Test Bank - Essentials for Nursing Practice, 9th Edition (Potter, Perry, 2019)
Specialty certification programs are appropriate for nurses who wish to become experts in
certain areas of nursing care such as perioperative care, wound care, or occupational health.
Master of Science programs prepare nurses for advanced practice roles as educators,
administrators, or clinical nurse leaders. Doctoral programs prepare nurses for advanced
clinical practice and research. Continuing education is required for professionals in many
states. Continuing education involves formal, organized educational programs offered by
universities, hospitals, state nurses’ associations, professional nursing organizations, and
educational and health care institutions.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application)
OBJ: Describe the roles and career opportunities for nurses.
TOP: Nursing Process: Teaching and Learning
MSC: NCLEX: Management of Care
6. Which action of the nurse demonstrates coordination of care for the patient?
a. The nurse creates a warm, therapeutic relationship with the patient by actively
listening to what the patient has to say.
b. The nurse works with the physical therapist to determine how to best transfer the
patient from the bed to the chair.
c. The nurse educates the patient about energy conservation techniques to increase
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activity tolerance.
d. The nurse uses clear and objective language when documenting assessment
findings in the patient’s medical record.
ANS: B
Coordination of care involves working with other health care professionals to meet the needs
of the individual patient. The nurse can do this by working with the physical therapist to
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determine how to best transfer the patient from the bed to the chair. Developing a warm
therapeutic relationship demonstrates caring and effective communication. Educating the
patient about energy conservation and charting clearly are not examples of coordination of
care.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application)
OBJ: Describe the roles and career opportunities for nurses.
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Management of Care
7. The nurse feels that an assigned duty is outside the scope of nursing practice. Which
document is the best source to answer the nurse’s concern?
a. ANA Code of Ethics
b. State Nurse Practice Act
c. QSEN Initiative Act
d. Nurse’s Bill of Rights
ANS: B
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Test Bank - Essentials for Nursing Practice, 9th Edition (Potter, Perry, 2019)
In the United States each State Board of Nursing oversees its Nurse Practice Act (NPA),
which regulates the scope of nursing practice for the state and protects public health, safety,
and welfare. The ANA’s Code of Ethics for Nurses: Interpretation and Application (2010)
provides a guide (not a law) for carrying out nursing responsibilities to ensure high-quality
nursing care and provide for the ethical obligations of the profession. The Quality and Safety
Education for Nurses (QSEN) initiative responds to reports about safety and quality patient
care by the National Academy, Health and Medicine Division. The Nurses’ Bill of Rights is a
statement about the professional rights of nurses and does not dictate the scope of practice for
nurses.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application)
OBJ: Describe the purpose of professional standards of nursing practice.
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Management of Care
8. Which professional nursing organization ensures that nursing programs adequately prepare
students to enter the nursing profession?
a. Federal Nurses Association (FNA)
b. International Council of Nurses (ICN)
c. National League for Nursing (NLN)
d. National Student Nurses Association (NSNA)
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ANS: C
The National League for Nursing (NLN) oversees nursing educational programs to help
ensure that students are well prepared to enter the nursing profession. The Federal Nurses
Association (FNA) is for nurses who are on active duty within the American Armed Forces.
The National Student Nurses Association (NSNA) provides a voice for nursing students and
does not oversee nursing programs. The International Council of Nurses (ICN) is a global
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organization that promotes quality nursing care for all people.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension)
OBJ: Discuss the importance of education in professional nursing practice.
TOP: Nursing Process: Teaching and Learning
MSC: NCLEX: Management of Care
MULTIPLE RESPONSE
1. Which actions of the nurse demonstrate the nursing role of leader? (Select all that apply.)
a. The nurse implements a new skin-care protocol to reduce decubitus ulcers.
b. The nurse develops a therapeutic relationship with the patient’s family members.
c. The nurse ensures that the patient assignments are created fairly for each shift.
d. The nurse works to meet the patient’s cultural preferences for personal care.
e. The nurse clearly communicates expected standards of care for the patients.
ANS: A, C, E
The nurse functions as a leader by implementing new protocols, ensuring that patient
assignments are made fairly and clearly communicating the expected standards of care.
Developing a therapeutic relationship and meeting the cultural preferences of patients are both
caring behaviors of the nurse.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application)
OBJ: Describe the roles and career opportunities for nurses.
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Test Bank - Essentials for Nursing Practice, 9th Edition (Potter, Perry, 2019)
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Management of Care
2. Which actions of the nurse demonstrate the nursing role of educator? (Select all that apply.)
a. The nurse teaches the patient’s family how to perform sterile dressing changes.
b. The nurse includes the patient in clinical decision making whenever possible.
c. The nurse provides written teaching materials in the patient’s preferred language.
d. The nurse speaks about diabetes management at a professional conference.
e. The nurse assesses for adequate protein intake for a patient on a vegetarian diet.
ANS: A, C, D
The nurse acts as an educator by teaching the patient’s family about care and speaking at
professional conferences. Written teaching materials should be provided in the patient’s
preferred language to maximize learning and retention of information. Determining protein
intake is part of the assessment process. Including the patient in clinical decision making
demonstrates the role of nurse as advocate.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application)
OBJ: Describe the roles and career opportunities for nurses.
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Management of Care
3. . Which nursing actions incorporate informatics into nursing practice? (Select all that apply.)
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a. The nurse uses written materials to teach a patient who is hard of hearing.
b. The nurse uses an online database to learn more about the patient’s disease.
c. The nurse uses a bar-code scanner to prevent medication administration errors.
d. The nurse teaches the patient’s family how to perform range of motion.
e. The nurse checks the electronic record to review the patient’s medical history.
ANS: B, C, E WWW.TBSM.WS
Informatics is the use of technology such as electronic medical records, online databases for
research and bar-code scanning to prevent medication errors. Informatics does not apply to
patient teaching through written materials or demonstration of range of motion.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application)
OBJ: Discuss the influence of social, political, and economic changes on nursing practices.
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Management of Care
4. Which action of the nurse demonstrates patient-centered care? (Select all that apply.)
a. The nurse elevates the head of the bed when the patient becomes short of breath.
b. The nurse and patient work together to determine the patient’s health goals.
c. The nurse checks the patient’s name and birthdate before giving medications.
d. The nurse maintains privacy when conversing with the patient and providing care.
e. The nurse respects the patient’s choice to refuse transfusion of blood products.
ANS: B, D, E
Patient-centered care is demonstrated by maintaining privacy, respecting the patient’s choices
and working together to determine the patient’s health goals. Checking the patient’s identifiers
and elevating the head of the bed are routine nursing interventions that do not demonstrate
patient-centered care.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application)
OBJ: Discuss the characteristics of professionalism in nursing.
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Management of Care
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Test Bank - Essentials for Nursing Practice, 9th Edition (Potter, Perry, 2019)
Chapter 02: Health and Wellness
Potter: Essentials for Nursing Practice, 9th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which statement by the patient indicates to the nurse that the patient is in the preparation
stage of smoking cessation?
a. “I don’t ever want to quit smoking.”
b. “I hope to quit smoking sometime before I die.”
c. “I am really working hard to stop smoking.”
d. “I stocked up on nicotine patches and gum.”
ANS: D
“I stocked up on nicotine patches and gum” indicates that the patient is in the preparation
stage of behavior change. “I hope to quit smoking sometime before I die” indicates that the
patient is in the contemplation stage. “I am really working hard to stop smoking” indicates
that the patient is in the action stage. “I don’t ever want to quit smoking” indicates that the
patient is in the precontemplation stage.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application)
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OBJ: Discuss the health belief, health promotion, basic human needs, and holistic health models of
health and illness and their relationship to patients’ attitudes toward health and health practices.
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance
2. Which patient assessment finding must be addressed first according to Maslow’s hierarchy of
needs?
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a. The patient is cyanotic and feels short of breath.
b. The patient refuses to participate in physical therapy.
c. The patient verbalizes anxiety about upcoming surgery.
d. The patient is unable to reposition in bed without assistance.
ANS: A
According to Maslow, individuals have to meet lower-level needs before they are able to
satisfy higher-level needs. The lowest level on the hierarchy consists of very basic
physiological needs such as oxygen, water, food (nutrition), sleep, and sex. The second level
on the hierarchy consists of safety needs. The third level on the hierarchy is love and
belongingness, which is a desire to belong to groups. The fourth level deals with the need for
self-esteem.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application)
OBJ: Discuss the health belief, health promotion, basic human needs, and holistic health models of
health and illness and their relationship to patients’ attitudes toward health and health practices.
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Management of Care
3. Which patient action demonstrates the concept of health promotion?
a. The patient receives the influenza vaccination every year.
b. The patient participates in cardiac rehabilitation after a heart attack.
c. The patient has yearly mammograms to screen for breast cancer.
d. The patient follows a macrobiotic, vegetarian diet with organic foods.
ANS: D
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Test Bank - Essentials for Nursing Practice, 9th Edition (Potter, Perry, 2019)
Health promotion includes activities to increase well-being and maximize health potential.
Patients can do this by following a healthy diet free of chemicals and preservatives. Influenza
vaccination, mammograms, and cardiac rehabilitation are examples of health protection to
avoid illness, detect it early or maintain function despite chronic illness.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application)
OBJ: Describe health promotion and illness prevention activities.
TOP: Nursing Process: Evaluation MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance
4. Which assessment finding is an example of an internal variable that influences the patient’s
health beliefs?
a. The patient’s spiritual beliefs prohibit the use of blood transfusions.
b. The patient’s family is homeless after being evicted from their apartment.
c. The patient relies on a pharmacy assistance program to pay for medications.
d. The patient and community prefer natural medicines over prescription drugs.
ANS: A
External variables for health beliefs and practices include family practices, socioeconomic
factors, and cultural background. Emotional factors, intellectual background, and
developmental stage represent internal variables.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application)
OBJ: Describe the variables influencing health beliefs, health practices, and illness behaviors.
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance
5. Which action by the patient best represents primary prevention?
a. The patient utilizes a cane when walking to prevent falls.
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b. The patient receives the influenza vaccination every year.
c. The patient participates in physical therapy after having a stroke.
d. The patient takes prescribed blood pressure medication every morning.
ANS: B
A healthy individual getting a flu shot is primary prevention. Primary prevention precedes
disease or disability or dysfunction. Primary prevention aimed at health promotion includes
health education programs, immunizations, and physical and nutritional fitness activities.
Taking blood pressure medication every day is a secondary prevention because the patient is
trying to prevent further complications. Physical therapy after a cerebrovascular accident and
using a cane for ambulation are considered tertiary prevention as they prevent further
complications.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application)
OBJ: Compare and contrast the three levels of prevention.
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance
6. Which assessment finding is a modifiable risk factor for disease?
a. The patient has a family history of breast cancer.
b. The patient smokes two packs of cigarettes every day.
c. The patient was born with a congenital heart defect.
d. The patient’s childhood home contained high levels of radon.
ANS: B
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Test Bank - Essentials for Nursing Practice, 9th Edition (Potter, Perry, 2019)
Modifiable risk factors for disease may be changed to prevent the patient from becoming ill.
Tobacco use is an example of a modifiable risk factor. Childhood exposure to radon,
congenital heart defect and family history of cancer are examples of nonmodifiable risk
factors.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application)
OBJ: Explain how different types of risk factors affect a person’s health.
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance
7. Which is an example of an acute illness?
a. Type 2 diabetes
b. Multiple sclerosis
c. Alcohol addiction
d. Bacterial meningitis
ANS: D
Acute illnesses are considered to last for a short time before resolving, such as bacterial
meningitis. Chronic illness lasts longer than 6 months and includes diseases such as diabetes,
addiction, and multiple sclerosis.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application)
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OBJ: Explain how illness affects a patient and family.
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Adaptation
8. The diabetic patient sees the podiatrist regularly to prevent development of ulcers in the feet.
Which term best describes this action of the patient?
a. Health promotion
b. Primary prevention WWW.TBSM.WS
c. Secondary prevention
d. Tertiary prevention
ANS: C
A healthy individual getting a flu shot is primary prevention. Primary prevention precedes
disease or disability or dysfunction. Primary prevention aimed at health promotion includes
health education programs, immunizations, and physical and nutritional fitness activities.
Taking blood pressure medication every day is a secondary prevention because the patient is
trying to prevent further complications. Physical therapy after a cerebrovascular accident and
using a cane for ambulation are considered tertiary prevention as they prevent further
complications. Health promotion includes activities to increase well-being and function rather
than to prevent complications from existing disease.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application)
OBJ: Compare and contrast the three levels of prevention.
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance
9. Which statement indicates the patient’s perception of susceptibility to illness as described by
the Health Belief Model?
a. “I am never going to get lung cancer so I refuse to stop smoking.”
b. “Cancer is no big deal with all of the new treatments available now.”
c. “I have been smoking for so many years that I will never be able to quit.”
d. “I cannot afford the nicotine patches so I might as well keep on smoking.”
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