DVA2601_June 2020 Test Bank.
Explain the significance of indigenous knowledge (local knowledge) and then
discuss three participatory methods that can be used to support the
integration of indigenous knowledge in community development.
Senanayake (2006: 87) defined Indigenous knowledge as a u...
Explain the significance of indigenous knowledge (local knowledge) and then
discuss three participatory methods that can be used to support the
integration of indigenous knowledge in community development.
Senanayake (2006: 87) defined Indigenous knowledge as a unique knowledge
confined to a particular culture or society, local knowledge, folk knowledge, people’s
knowledge, traditional wisdom or traditional science. Local knowledge is per se local
and must be locally gathered, sorted, indexed and interpreted. According to Nkondo
(2012) local ways of knowing are informed by lived experiences which are passed
down to other generations through mostly oral means (that is, as the spoken word).
These have, however, been looked down upon by the West who saw indigenous
knowledge systems as non-scientific to the extent of ignoring them as if non-existent.
According to Nakashima & Roué, (2002) the Western science is objective and
quantitative as opposed to traditional knowledge, which is mainly subjective and
qualitative. Western science is based on an academic and literate transmission,
while traditional knowledge is often passed on orally from one generation to the next
by the elders. Western science isolates its objects of study from their vital context by
putting them in simplified and controllable experimental environments which also
means that scientists separate themselves from nature, the object of their studies; by
contrast, traditional knowledge always depends on its context and particular local
conditions. Western science is positivist and materialist in contrast to traditional
knowledge, which is spiritual and does not make distinctions between empirical and
sacred.
The Western ways of knowing have been considered superior to all other knowledge
system. It is likely to be called out as evidence in disputes over development or
archaeological research in sensitive sites. Among indigenous people in the South
Africa, the continuation of traditional practices, such as ritual activities, seasonal
hunts and harvests may provoke conflicts with the national management agencies
and policies. Conservationists typically privilege romantic visions of deserted
wilderness, rather than Indigenous visions of sustainable hunting, fishing, and
harvesting.
4
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