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Samenvatting - Management Information Systems
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MIS Chapter 1 - 4Chapter 1: information systems in global business
today.
Management information systems MIS is the study of people, organizations and technology,
the relationships among them.
Business processes Business processes refer to the set of logically related task
behaviors that organizations develop over time to produce sp
business results and the unique manner in which these activ
are organized and coordinated.
Information systems An organized system for the collection, organization, storage
communication of information.
Input, processing, output Input captures or collects raw data from within the organizat
from its external environment. Processing converts this raw
into a meaningful form. Output transfers the processed
information to the people who will use it or to the activities fo
which it will be used. Information systems also require feedb
which is output that is returned to appropriate members of th
organization to help them evaluate or correct the input stage
Socio technical view Optimal organizational performance achieved by jointly optim
both social and technical systems used in operations (helps
purely technological approach
Computer hardware Computer hardware is the physical equipment used for inpu
processing and output activities in an information system.
Data management Data management comprises all the disciplines related to
managing data as a valuable resource.
A network A network links two or more computers to share data or
resources, such as a printer.
Digital firm The Digital Firm is a general term for organizations that hav
enabled core business relationships with employees, custom
suppliers, and other external partners through digital network
Company assets (primary/secondary)
Information Data that is being shaped into a form that is meaningful and
to human beings
Primary & complementary assets Primary:
Complementary: assets (active/aanwinst/buit) required to de
value from a primary investment
Data Streams of raw facts representing events occurring in
organizations or the physical environment before they have b
organized and arranged into a form that people can understa
and use.
Computer software Consists of the detailed, preprogrammed instructions that co
and coordinate the computer hardware components in an
information system.
Network and telecommunications Consists of both physical devices and software, links the var
technology pieces of hardware and transfers data from one physical loca
, to another.
1.1 Nowadays the business is changing, businesses spend more money on information technology.
Information technology capital investment (hardware, software and communications
equipment) is growing. Because you can do almost everything online nowadays, businesses are
seeking for ways to respond faster to customer demands, reduce inventories and achieve higher
levels of operational efficiency. Also are businesses starting to use social networking tools to
connect their employees, customers and managers worldwide. So despite the economic crisis, e-
commerce and internet advertising expands.
The continual change in technology, management use of the technology and the impact on
business success is what makes MIS interesting at the moment. There are three interrelated
changes in the technology area.
1. The emerging mobile digital platform,
2. The growing business use of big “data”
3. The growth in “cloud computing”, where more and more business software runs over
the internet.
Change Business impact
Technology
Cloud computing platform emerges A flexible collection of computers on the
internet begin to perform tasks traditionally
performed on corporate computers. (software
as a service)
Big data Businesses want to capture, store and analyze
all their data together.
Mobile digital platform emerges to compete Nowadays you can do quite a lot on a Ipad or
with PC Iphone. These mobile devices compete with the
normal laptops as platforms for consumer and
corporate computing.
Management
Managers use online collaboration to improve Sites like google apps where you can put online
coordination, collaboration and sharing meetings, personal profiles, online
knowledge communities etc.
Business intelligence applications accelerate More powerful data analytics and interactive
dashboards provide real-time performance info
to managers to enhance decision making.
Virtual meetings are expanding Videoconferencing to reduce travel time and
cost while making decisions.
Organizations
Social business Use of social media to deepen interactions with
employees, customers and suppliers.
Telework gains momentum in the workplace The internet, smartphones and wireless laptops
give people the opportunity to work
somewhere else other than at the office.
Co-creation of business value Supply chains become more global and
collaborative and customer interactions help
firms define new products and services.
, As management behavior changes, how work gets organized, coordinated and measured also
changes. The strength of cloud computing and the growth of the mobile digital platform allow
organizations to rely more on telework, remote work and distributed decision making. This same
platform means firms can outsource more work and rely on markets to build value. It also means
that firms can collaborate with suppliers and customers to create new products, or make
existing products more efficiently.
Due to the globalization, employment in information systems and other service occupations
were expanding in 2011, and wages were stable. Outsourcing had actually accelerated the
development of new systems in the United States and worldwide.
But what does globalization have to do with MIS? That’s simple: everything. The emergence of
the Internet into a full-blown international communications system has drastically reduced the
costs of operating and transacting on a global scale. Firms producing goods and services on a
global scale achieve extraordinary cost reductions by finding low-cost suppliers and managing
production facilities in other countries. Briefly, information systems enable globalization.
A digital firm is one in which nearly all of the organization’s significant business relationships
with customers, suppliers and employees are digitally enabled and mediated.
Core business processes are accomplished through digital networks spanning the entire
organization or linking multiple organizations Business processes refer to the set of
logically related tasks and behaviors that organizations develop over time to produce specific
business results and the unique manner in which these activities are organized and
coordinated. Developing a new product, generating and fulfilling an order, creating a
marketing plan, and hiring an employee are examples of business processes, and the ways
organizations accomplish their business processes can be a source of competitive strength.
Key corporate assets (intellectual property, core competencies, and financial and human
assets) are managed through digital means.
Digital firms sense and respond to their environments far more rapidly than traditional firms,
giving them more flexibility to survive in turbulent times. In digital firms, both time- and space
shifting are the norm. Time shifting refers to business being conducted continuously, 24/7,
rather than a normal workday. Space shifting means that work takes place in a global
workshop, as well as within national boundaries.
Information systems are essential for conducting day-to-day business in the United States and
most other advanced countries, as well as achieving strategic business objectives. Because firms
as eBay would not exist without a system like that. There is a growing interdependence between
a firm’s ability to use information technology and its ability to implement corporate strategies
and achieve corporate goals. What a business would like to do in the future often depends on
what its systems will be able to do.
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