Lecture 1 – History of the integration process
16-11-2016
The history of integration (dates and terms you have to know for the exam)
Note: only the newest treaty counts, so the one treaty replaces the other.
Treaty (reforms):
- 1952 ECSC
European Coal and Steel Community: after WOII, when they tried to find a good solution for
the German problem. On the one hand contain Germany and on the other hand try not to
get another war. Coal and steel was very important in production; they therefore wanted to
put it under supranational community.
Funding members: BeNeLux, France, Germany and Italy.
Idea behind it: to have a common market for coal and steel (and only restricted to that)
which also meant free movement of coal and steel workers (this did not really work: they did
not agree who was or was not a coal and steel worker).
Treaty of Paris: was signed in Paris. Came into effect in 1952: sometimes different dates
because of signing date or ratification process.This treaty expired after 50 years. They are
now common good in the sense that they do not have a special treaty anymore.
At the time this was very special as they were recovering from fighting each other. Very high
authority which was set up as a supranational institutions (so no national control), without
national representatives but had to be independent.
- Germany: wanted international acceptance
- BeNeLux: team up, because WOI/II showed their vulnerability
Institutions of the ECSC
- Common assembly
- Council of ministers
- Court of justice
- High authority
Politician of the week: Robert Schumann (1886-1963)
French prime minister
He is responsible for the ECSC: by which he ignores his own ministry. Became a French politician after
WOI (see internet for additional information about political life). As a foreign minister: from 48-52
under 10 different govs, very well-known and quiet experienced politician. Jean Monet came up with
the idea on ECSC. Claims that this new treaty would place France on a higher step and would make
another war practical impossible (formulated as a peace thing), but the fact was that France needed
Germany’s coal, for economic growth). 9th may (1950): Europe day.
- 1958 EEC, Eurotam
European Economic Community: after other failing European Communities (there were three
treaties planned and only the ECSC came through).
Treaties of Rome: is decided on which country has the presidency at the time of the EU
(which changes every months).
Goals were to create a common market but also for the financial product: have common
economic growth and increase welfare, raise the way of living and get closer relations
between states. There was a conference where they wanted to get rid of nation states: what
can we create above the nation state to make them not go into war anymore? Came
together in the Hague: failed a bit.
EEC: free trade between the member states and rules and quantative restrictions, common
external prices: no matter where it comes in, you have to pay the same and subsidies for
states. Eurotam: for movements of knowledge and civil use of nuclear energy
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