This is a summary of the lectures of week 4 and 5 of the course Violence and the Brain. The course is part of the minor Violence, which is given at Leiden University. The summary contains explanations on key terms, relationships between discussed topics and important subjects mentioned by the lectu...
Lecture 4 : Dealing with violence and Antisociality
Forensic treatments and the influence on criminal behavior of adolescents
- History of forensic treatment
- Individuals / group treatment
- Systemic treatments
- Common elements
- Psychopathology
- Research systemic treatments
Once upon a time: torture of a sentenced individual in 1757, boy was 17 years old.
The field of forensic psychology is very young.
Durkheim about crime: every society gets a crime rate of the crime they deserve. How we
treat crime in a country determines the crime rate. Scandinavia has one of the lowest crime
rates in the world. U.S has the highest crime rate. Punishment impacts crime. There needs to
be balance between punishment and reintegrating people in society
Martison 1974: if somebody commits a crime, you cant treat them. You have to lock them up.
In 2007 in the Netherlands, we created the TBS system. 80% of people being incarcerated
were likely to recommit a crime.
We need to be curious about why people commit crime. The truth is always in the middle.
Longest time that somebody can be put in jail in the Netherlands: we have life in prison.
Risk factors: for every crime, we make a profile. There are static & dynamic, individual &
surrounding risk factors.
- Genetics & environments
- You can predict crime rate on zip code
- 2 strongest predictors for crime: genetic surroundings (if your father or brother
committed a crime) and peers.
What are the strengths of young people which help them get out of crime: safety, good
environment. Crime rate decreased when youths were surrounding themselves with good
peers.
Age crime curve: represents there is more crime at a certain age, we take more risks when we
are young, take implications less seriously.
Youth stab and shoot incidents:
2 categories that are coming up/ increasing in the NL:
1. Stabbing and shooting in the Netherlands
2. Cybercrime
Stabbing crime in Rotterdam Amsterdam & the Hague is associated with rap music
Video:
Drill rap music
, - We see covered people bragging about crime having sex etc
- Expression through music / social media
- Young guys with a lot of risk factors around them, lot of problems at home
Drilling youtube series: lot of violence & music in these clips, million of young people look at
these clips.
85% of clients have trauma. Ways to deal with it:
- Aggression-regulation “op maat”
- CBT addiction
- Brain4use
- Leer van je Deict
- So cool
- EMDR
- Schema Therapy
- Neurofeedback
- Biological feedback: E4 wristband, monitors anger through a watch
- VR: allows to understand what the youths feel & think in certain situations. Situations
with white / black people, drugs, to see how they respond to it
Group therapy:
- Only do it in juvenile youth institutions
- Out of the circle
- WSART
- Equip (TOP)
Group:
1. Aggression
2. Social skills
3. Moral choices
4. Help meetings
Systemic:
- Functional family therapy (FFT)
- Multidimensional family therapy (MDFT)
- Multisystemic therapy (MST)
- Multidimensional treatment foster care (MTFC)
Lecturer did research in the US, systemic treatment does appear to help, communicating with
family, especially for young boys and girls who are in a riskful environment which is logical
because you treat all the problems surrounding the boys and girls
MDFT
Young people with problems come in with issues which can lead to antisocial personality
disorder. 4 components of MDFT approach:
1. Parents
2. Family
3. Adolescents
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