MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which primary characteristic is unique for the immune response?
a. The immune response is similar each time it is activated.
b. The immune response is specific to the antigen that initiates it.
c. The response to a specific pathogen is short term.
d. The response is i...
Test Bank - Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children (8th Edition)
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which primary characteristic is unique for the immune response?
a. The immune response is similar each time it is activated.
b. The immune response is specific to the antigen that initiates it.
c. The response to a specific pathogen is short term.
, Test Bank - Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children (8th Edition)
d. The response is innate, rather than acquired.
ANS: B
Unlike inflammation, which is nonspecifically activated by cellular damage and pathogenic
microorganisms, the immune response is primarily designed to afford long-term specific protection
(i.e., immunity) against particular invading microorganisms; that is, it has a memory function. The
inflammatory response is similar each time it is activate. Passive immunity is short term or temporary.
The inflammatory process is innate.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
2. In which structure does B lymphocytes mature and undergo changes that commit them to becoming B
cells?
a. Thymus gland
b. Regional lymph nodes
c. Bone marrow
d. Spleen
ANS: C
B lymphocytes mature and become B cells in specialized (primary) lymphoid organs—the thymus
gland for T cells and the bone marrow for B cells. Neither regional lymph nodes nor the spleen are
involved in changing B lymphocytes into B cells.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
3. What is the term for the process during which lymphoid stem cells migrate and change into either
immunocompetent T cells or immunocompetent B cells?
a. Clonal diversity
b. Clonal differentiation
c. Clonal selection
d. Clonal competence
ANS: A
The process is called the generation of clonal diversity and occurs in specialized (primary) lymphoid
organs—the thymus gland for T cells and the bone marrow for B cells. Clonal differentiation,
selection, and competence do not describe this process.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
4. Which type of immunity is produced by an individual after either natural exposure to the antigen or
after immunization against the antigen?
a. Passive-acquired immunity
b. Active-acquired immunity
c. Passive-innate immunity
d. Active-innate immunity
ANS: B
An individual produces active-acquired immunity (active immunity) after natural exposure to an
antigen or after immunization, whereas passive-acquired immunity (passive immunity) does not
involve the host’s immune response at all. The innate immune system, also known as nonspecific
immune system and the first line of defense, is composed of the cells and mechanisms that defend the
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