Afferent neruons transmit (-------) information while efferent transmits (------). Answer Sensory, motor
What type of neurons connect afferent and efferent neurons? Answer Interneurons
What do you call bundles of axons extending out of the CNS? Within the CNS? Answer Nerves; tracts or commisu...
BIO 305 Exam 2 questions with correct
answers
Afferent neruons transmit (-------) information while efferent transmits (------). Answer✔✔ Sensory, motor
What type of neurons connect afferent and efferent neurons? Answer ✔✔ Interneurons
What do you call bundles of axons extending out of the CNS? Within the CNS? Answer✔✔ Nerves; tracts or commisures
Where are Interneurons found in the nervous system? (PNS or CNS) Answer ✔✔ CNS
Where do afferent neurons project? (CNS or PNS) Answer ✔✔ CNS
Where do efferent neurons project? (CNS or PNS) Answer ✔✔ PNS
What is the difference between white matter and grey matter? Answer ✔✔ White matter is made up of myelinated axons (grey matter is made up of somas and unmylineated axons)
The interior of the spinal cord is made up of (white/grey) matter while the exterior is (white/grey) matter. Answer ✔✔ Grey, white.
The dorsal root ganglion contains a (sensory/motor) neuron. Answer ✔✔ Sensory The (dorsal/ventral) root ganglion contains motor neuron axons. Answer ✔✔ ventral
T/F: the axon for motor neurons is split. Answer ✔✔ False (the axon for sensory neurons in the dorsal root ganglion is split, meaning the soma is in the ganglion, branching partially off the axon. Look to diagrams if unclear)
T/F: the mid and hind brain are the oldest parts of our brains in terms of evolution Answer✔✔ True
The expansion of what section of the brain is responsible for human capability for higher functioning? Answer ✔✔ Forebrain
What is the debunked study of cranium shape and function called? Answer ✔✔ Phrenology
What did phrenology contribute to neuroscience? Answer ✔✔ The idea that functions were localized in certain areas of the brain and could be mapped
for different organisms, the importance of a specific function to that organism can be determined by looking at the (----) of the function's corresponding brain area. Answer✔✔ Size (ex, mice have large olfactory bulbs)
How do learning and memory remodel the brain? Answer ✔✔ Creating new neurons, remodeling synapses, and changing cell interactions
What are the three divisions of the peripheral nervous system? Answer ✔✔ Somatic, Autonomic, and Enteric What do the neurons in the somatic division of the PNS do? Answer ✔✔ Innervate skeletal muscle
Somatic neurons cell bodies are found in the (------) and they synapse onto (--------)
Answer✔✔ CNS, their skeletal muscle cells of interest (directly; no peripheral neuron to neuron synapses)
T/F: somatic neuron action potentials are always excitatory Answer ✔✔ True
What neurotransmitter is used in the somatic nervous system? Answer ✔✔ Acetylcholine
What are the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system? Answer ✔✔ Sympathetic and parasympathetic
For the autonomic nervous system, where is the cell body of the preganglionic neuron found? (CNS or PNS) Answer ✔✔ CNS
What are the two organs/tissues that the sympathetic nervous system acts on and the parasympathetic doesn't? Answer ✔✔ The adrenal glands and blood vessels
What neurotransmitter is used by the the preganglionic cell in for the Parasympathetic NS? Postganglionic? Answer ✔✔ Ach, Ach
What neurotransmitter is used by the the preganglionic cell in for the Sympathetic NS? Postganglionic? Answer ✔✔ Ach, Norepinephrine T/F: all sympathetic signals are excitatory and all parasympathetic signals are inhibitory Answer ✔✔ False (both can have excitatory or inhibitory signals)
Where do sympathetic NS neurons leave the spinal cord? Answer ✔✔ Thoracic or lumbar vertebrae (middle of spinal column)
Where do parasympathetic NS neurons leave the spinal cord? Answer ✔✔ Cervical
and sacral vertebrae (top and bottom of spinal column)
Where are sympathetic trunks located? Answer ✔✔ Along either side of the spinal cord
Where are parasympathetic ganglion located? Answer ✔✔ In or near their target organ
Which division of the autonomic NS is considered "fight or flight"? Answer ✔✔ Sympathetic
Which division of the autonomic NS is considered "Rest and digest"? Answer ✔✔ Parasympathetic
Where is the enteric nervous system located? Answer ✔✔ The gut
What does the enteric nervous system do? Answer ✔✔ Regulates motility of smooth muscle/passage of food through the gut and regulates digestion
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