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Exploring Social Psychology 8th Edition By David Myers - Test Bank

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1. Assuming that everyone else is staring at the pimple on your chin is an example of the A. transparency effect. B. audience effect. C. spotlight effect. D. headlight effect. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation 2. A study by Lawson (2010) had college students wear an "American Eagle" sweatshir...

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, Module 01
Doing Social Psychology
1. According to the text, social psychology is defined as the scientific study of how people
A. motivate, persuade, and hurt one another.
B. think about, influence, and relate to one another.
C. manipulate, use, and betray one another.
D. conform, help, and form attitudes about one another.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

2. Theories help social psychologists _____ their observations and _____ their hypotheses.
A. test; organize
B. organize; test
C. objectify; refute
D. refute; objectify

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3. A theory
A. is an agreed-upon statement.
B. summarizes and explains facts.
C. cannot be tested.
D. is less than fact.

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4. A _____ is an integrated set of principles that can explain and predict observed events.
A. theory
B. hypothesis
C. fact
D. correlation

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5. The difference between facts and theories is that
A. facts explain theories.
B. theories explain facts.
C. facts are ideas.
D. theories are statements.

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6. _____ explain and predict observed events while _____ are testable predictions.
A. Statements; theories
B. Theories; hypotheses
C. Hypotheses; theories
D. Correlations; experiments

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7. According to the text, which of the following is one of the purposes of a hypothesis?
A. Hypotheses allow us to test a theory.
B. Hypotheses provide explanations for research results.
C. Hypotheses prove theories.
D. Hypotheses communicate the results of research studies.

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8. Which of the following is an example of field research?
A. taking opinion polls of people in an amusement park about its hygiene and cleanliness
B. flashing different color lights on players on the pitch during a soccer game
C. testing the effects of chemicals on animals in an industrial lab
D. observing changes in the moods of people in a laboratory when they are exposed to violent movies

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1-1
Copyright © 2018 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of
McGraw-Hill Education.

,9. Which of the following best defines informed consent in an experiment?
A. informing the research participants about the results of the experiment
B. telling the research participants about the content of the experiment so as to help them choose whether they wish to participate in the experiment
C. communicating to the research participants about the deception used in the experiment
D. informing the research participants about the feedback received from other participants about the effectiveness of the experiment

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10. Research done in natural, real-life settings outside the laboratory is referred to as
A. correlational research.
B. experimental research.
C. laboratory research.
D. field research.

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11. Which of the following is an example of a laboratory research?
A. noting behaviors of random people in a park
B. discussing different ways of making a vaccine in a science lab
C. conducting experiments on a group of teenagers at a facility
D. observing the movement of traffic in different parts of a city

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12. John is conducting a survey of random students outside his college library. He is interested in knowing the different types of books they borrow
from the library. This is an example of
A. correlational research.
B. experimental research.
C. laboratory research.
D. field research.

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13. The study of naturally occurring relationships among variables is referred to as
A. correlational research.
B. experimental research.
C. laboratory research.
D. field research.

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14. In order to determine whether or not changing one variable (such as education) will produce changes in another variable (such as income), one
needs to conduct a(n) _____ research.
A. survey
B. correlational
C. experimental
D. statistical

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15. Studies that seek clues to cause–effect relationships by manipulating one or more factors while controlling others describe what type of research?
A. correlational research
B. experimental research
C. laboratory research
D. field research

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16. A psychiatrist tells you that she is interested in determining whether the condition of individuals who are clinically depressed improves with 20 or
with 40 milligrams of Prozac. She decides to administer 20 milligrams to a random half of her clients and 40 milligrams to the other half. She finds
that after 6 months, the clients who took 40 milligrams of Prozac are significantly less depressed than those clients who took 20 milligrams of Prozac.
Which type of study did the psychiatrist conduct?
A. correlational research
B. experimental research
C. controlled research
D. hypothetical research
1-2
Copyright © 2018 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of
McGraw-Hill Education.

, Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

17. You've noticed that as the temperature drops outside, you see more students wearing sweaters and heavy coats. Your observation is most similar
to
A. correlational research.
B. experimental research.
C. controlled research.
D. hypothetical research.

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18. Variable X is correlated with Variable Y. Which of the following could explain this correlation?
A. X causes Y.
B. Y causes X.
C. A third variable causes or influences both X and Y.
D. All of the answers are correct.

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19. You are interested in finding out the effect that crowding has on people's moods. You conduct a study in a psychology research lab using two
types of participants—participants who have to wait in a crowded waiting room before completing a measure of their mood and participants who wait
in an empty room before completing the same measure. Which type of research did you conduct?
A. correlational research
B. experimental research
C. laboratory research
D. both experimental and laboratory research

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

20. Your psychology professor tells you that she is collecting data on the amount that students study and their grades (i.e., she is asking each student
to report how many hours he or she studies each week so that she can determine if there is a relationship between hours spent studying and grades).
Which type of research is this?
A. correlational research
B. experimental research
C. controlled research
D. hypothetical research

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

21. Which of the following is a disadvantage of correlational research?
A. It involves important variables in natural settings.
B. It provides ambiguous interpretations of causes and effects.
C. It assists in reading newspapers and magazines.
D. It takes place in a laboratory.

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22. Which of the following statements is true about correlational research?
A. It allows researchers to predict changes in a variable that is related to another variable.
B. It enables researchers to establish a cause and effect relationship between two variables.
C. It is mandatory for researchers to debrief participants when conducting a correlational research.
D. It enables researchers to determine why a particular change in one variable causes a change in another variable.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

23. Douglas Carroll and his colleagues (1994) found that the height of graveyard markers in a Glasgow cemetery was positively correlated with
A. gender.
B. race.
C. affluence.
D. longevity.

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24. According to the text, the postal code areas of Scotland that have the least overcrowding and unemployment also have the
A. greatest longevity.
B. least longevity.
1-3
Copyright © 2018 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of
McGraw-Hill Education.

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