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Cognitive Neuroscience The Biology of The Mind 4th Edition By Mangun - Ivry - Test Bank
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,Chapter 1: A Brief History of Cognitive NeuroscienceMULTIPLE CHOICE
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
1. Explain the origins of the field of cognitive neuroscience
2. Describe the roots of the debate over localization of function
3. Explain the ways in which brain structure was studied
4. Understand the philosophical origins of cognitive psychology
5. Discuss behaviorism and its principal tenets
6. Explain how and why cognitive psychology came to the forefront of psychological fields
7. Identify the different methods that are used to measure brain function and structure
1. The case of Anne Green was remarkable in that after being falsely convicted of murdering her
newborn child,
a. she survived an attempted electrocution.
b. she escaped and later married Thomas Willis, a famous neurologist.
c. she survived an attempted hanging.
d. she escaped and later became a famous neurologist.
ANS: C DIF: Easy REF: Historical Perspective
OBJ: LO 1 MSC: Remembering
2. Aside from saving Anne Green’s life, Thomas Willis and Christopher Wren also
a. created very accurate drawings of the brain.
b. came up with the names of a number of brain structures.
c. took the first steps that led to cognitive neuroscience.
d. all of the above.
ANS: D DIF: Medium REF: Historical Perspective
OBJ: LO 1 MSC: Understanding
3. Which of the following is NOT one of the principal reasons that Willis is considered one of the early
figures in cognitive neuroscience?
a. he named many brain parts.
b. he dissected the brains of criminals within 21 miles of Oxford.
c. he was among the first to link behavioral deficits to brain damage.
d. he created very accurate brain images.
ANS: B DIF: Difficult REF: Historical Perspective
OBJ: LO 1 MSC: Evaluating
4. A central issue of modern cognitive neuroscience is whether specific human cognitive abilities
a. can be localized to particular parts of the brain.
b. are determined by the shape and size of the human skull.
c. are best studied using introspection or the scientific method.
d. can be identified using the Golgi silver method of staining.
Cognitive
Neuroscience,
4e,
Gazzaniga,
Ivry,
Mangun,
with
Hernandez
and
Coutanche
©
W.
W.
Norton
&
Company,
Inc.
, ANS: A DIF: Medium REF: The Brain Story
OBJ: LO 2 MSC: Understanding
5. The discipline of phrenology was founded by
a. Broca and Wernicke. c. Ramón y Cajal and Sherrington.
b. Fritsch and Hitzig. d. Gall and Spurzheim.
ANS: D DIF: Easy REF: The Brain Story
OBJ: LO 2 MSC: Remembering
6. Phrenologists believed that the contour of the skull could provide valuable information about an
individual’s cognitive capacities and personality traits. This approach was based on the assumption
that
a. skull protrusions are caused by disproportionate development of the brain areas beneath
them, which are responsible for different specific functions.
b. certain traits such as aggressiveness lead to life experiences and injuries that alter the
shape of the skull in specific ways.
c. life experiences and injuries that alter the shape of the skull in specific ways lead to certain
traits, such as aggressiveness.
d. the development of the skull bones directly influences the configuration of the soft brain
areas beneath them, which are responsible for different specific functions.
ANS: A DIF: Difficult REF: The Brain Story
OBJ: LO 2 MSC: Evaluating
7. Localizationist is to ________ as holistic is to ________.
a. Wernicke ; Gall c. Flourens ; Broca
b. Gall ; Flourens d. Broca ; Wernicke
ANS: B DIF: Medium REF: The Brain Story
OBJ: LO 2 MSC: Understanding
8. Gall’s method for investigating phrenology was flawed because
a. he used the wrong language to explain the characteristics he observed.
b. he did not tell Napoleon Bonaparte that he possessed noble characteristics.
c. he ought only to confirm, not disprove, the correlations he observed.
d. he used his own skull as the base model.
ANS: C DIF: Easy REF: The Brain Story
OBJ: LO 2 MSC: Remembering
9. The view known as aggregate field theory, which stated that the whole brain participates in behavior,
is most associated with
a. Broca. c. Brodmann.
b. Hughlings Jackson. d. Flourens.
ANS: D DIF: Easy REF: The Brain Story
OBJ: LO 2 MSC: Remembering
10. Willis is to ________ as ________ is to Broca.
a. Flourens ; Spurzheim. c. Gall ; Dax.
b. Spurzheim ; Flourens. d. Dax ; Gall.
ANS: C DIF: Difficult REF: The Brain Story
OBJ: LO 2 MSC: Analyzing
Cognitive
Neuroscience,
4e,
Gazzaniga,
Ivry,
Mangun,
with
Hernandez
and
Coutanche
©
W.
W.
Norton
&
Company,
Inc.
, 11. In developing phrenology, Gall’s main failure was that
a. he did not seek disconfirming evidence.
b. he was not a scientist.
c. his method was correlational.
d. all of the above.
ANS: D DIF: Difficult REF: The Brain Story
OBJ: LO 2 MSC: Analyzing
12. Giovanni visits his local phrenologist. What is this person likely to tell him?
a. You are a domineering person.
b. Your father was a very domineering person.
c. Your brother is a domineering person.
d. Your mother was a very domineering person.
ANS: A DIF: Medium REF: The Brain Story
OBJ: LO 2 MSC: Applying
13. The view developed by Marie-Jean-Pierre Flourens, based on the idea that processes like language and
memory cannot be localized within circumscribed brain regions, was known as
a. the neuron doctrine. c. rationalism.
b. aggregate field theory. d. the law of effect.
ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: The Brain Story
OBJ: LO 2 MSC: Remembering
14. John Hughlings Jackson proposed a ________organization in the cerebral cortex, based on his work
with people with ________.
a. holistic ; aphasia c. topographic ; epilepsy
b. topographic ; aphasia d. holistic ; epilepsy
ANS: C DIF: Medium REF: The Brain Story
OBJ: LO 2 MSC: Understanding
15. ________ was one of the first brain scientists to realize that specific cognitive functions can be
localized to specific parts of the brain and that many different functional regions can take part in a
given behavior.
a. Broca c. Flourens
b. Hughlings Jackson d. Brodmann
ANS: B DIF: Medium REF: The Brain Story
OBJ: LO 2 MSC: Remembering
16. Which nineteenth-century scientist suggested that the frontal lobe contributes to language and speech
production?
a. Flourens c. Broca
b. Wernicke d. Brodmann
ANS: C DIF: Medium REF: The Brain Story
OBJ: LO 2 MSC: Remembering
17. Paul Broca’s first patient Leborgne was able to produce which of the following words?
a. merci c. trois
b. tan d. Paris
ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: The Brain Story
Cognitive
Neuroscience,
4e,
Gazzaniga,
Ivry,
Mangun,
with
Hernandez
and
Coutanche
©
W.
W.
Norton
&
Company,
Inc.
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