100% tevredenheidsgarantie Direct beschikbaar na je betaling Lees online óf als PDF Geen vaste maandelijkse kosten
logo-home
Summary A Southern African Perspective on Fundamental Criminology - Chapter 9 (KRM110) €5,34
In winkelwagen

Samenvatting

Summary A Southern African Perspective on Fundamental Criminology - Chapter 9 (KRM110)

 0 keer verkocht
  • Vak
  • Instelling
  • Boek

An in-depth summary of chapter 9 in the prescribed textbook "A Southern African Perspective on Fundamental Criminology" at the university of Pretoria (KRM 110). This chapter goes into detail about Economically motivated crimes.

Voorbeeld 3 van de 16  pagina's

  • Nee
  • Chapter 9
  • 6 november 2023
  • 16
  • 2023/2024
  • Samenvatting
avatar-seller
Chapter 9
KRM 110



Property Crimes

● Costs the South African economy between R5 billion and R7 billion.

● Consequences of property crime:

○ Loss of income.

○ Disruption of services.

○ Labour costs to repair affected networks and implementation of security

measures.

● Sources for stealing cable and aluminium:

○ Overhead power lines, underground power and communication cables &

copper earth cables.

○ Power substations.

○ Signal cables.

○ Non-ferrous metal in railway carriages from doors, basins and window

frames.


Copper Cable and aluminium theft

● Opportunistic thieves:

○ Steal small pieces of cable.

○ Addicted to drugs and steals to support the habit.

○ Kamikazes.

○ They lose regard for their own lives and are willing to cut electric cables

without any concern about being electrocuted.

○ Unemployed.



1

, ○ Involved in collecting scrap metal for subsistence purposes.

○ Repeat offenders.

○ Likely to be illegal immigrants, who after being caught, are deported to their

countries of origin.

● Organised criminal group:

○ Well-equipped with industrial cutting tools, trucks, pulleys.

○ Organise themselves as either metal spotters, cutters or transporters.

○ Informal training centre.

○ Steal long sections of cable and first cut off the electricity.

● Bucket shops: Unregistered scrap dealer who trades in stolen metal.

● Cables are not only sold to scrap metal dealers but there is an emerging trend of

copper melting plants in remote rural areas.

○ The cables are melted into ingots before they are shipped overseas.

○ The stolen copper is trafficked to China and India for the manufacturing of

electronic components.

● Cable thieves:

○ Work at night.

○ Prefer remote areas as there may not be cable alarms to alert the

authorities.

○ They work with military style precision.

○ They do not work when it rains for fear of being electrocuted.

● The role-players in copper cable:

○ Level 1: Cutters/thieves.

○ Level 2: Bucket shops.

○ Level 3: Recruiters/facilitators/distributors.

○ Level 4: Exporters/scrap metal dealers receiving stolen copper.

○ Level 5: Transnational facilitators.




2

, ● Contributing factors to the theft of non-ferrous metals:

○ Illegal immigrants in South Africa desperate for work.

○ Increased unemployment.

○ Involvement of organised crime syndicates.

○ Demand for copper and aluminium.

○ Limited control over the export of metals to other countries.

○ Availability of scrap metal dealers who knowingly buy stolen copper.

○ The light sentences for this type of crime imposed by the criminal justice

system (CJS).


Commercial Crimes

● Includes all types of fraud, forgery, misappropriation and embezzlement.

● Fraudulent investment schemes promise investors that they will receive high

returns on their investments much higher returns than conventional institutions

such as banks would pay.


Ponzi Schemes

● It is also known as money multiplication schemes.

● Investors are led to believe that should they invest capital in the scheme, they will

enjoy higher than normal rate of return and at a later stage will receive a lump-sum

payment.

● The “returns” paid to the investors are made using their own capital investment.




3

Dit zijn jouw voordelen als je samenvattingen koopt bij Stuvia:

Bewezen kwaliteit door reviews

Bewezen kwaliteit door reviews

Studenten hebben al meer dan 850.000 samenvattingen beoordeeld. Zo weet jij zeker dat je de beste keuze maakt!

In een paar klikken geregeld

In een paar klikken geregeld

Geen gedoe — betaal gewoon eenmalig met iDeal, creditcard of je Stuvia-tegoed en je bent klaar. Geen abonnement nodig.

Direct to-the-point

Direct to-the-point

Studenten maken samenvattingen voor studenten. Dat betekent: actuele inhoud waar jij écht wat aan hebt. Geen overbodige details!

Veelgestelde vragen

Wat krijg ik als ik dit document koop?

Je krijgt een PDF, die direct beschikbaar is na je aankoop. Het gekochte document is altijd, overal en oneindig toegankelijk via je profiel.

Tevredenheidsgarantie: hoe werkt dat?

Onze tevredenheidsgarantie zorgt ervoor dat je altijd een studiedocument vindt dat goed bij je past. Je vult een formulier in en onze klantenservice regelt de rest.

Van wie koop ik deze samenvatting?

Stuvia is een marktplaats, je koop dit document dus niet van ons, maar van verkoper erinpoly1. Stuvia faciliteert de betaling aan de verkoper.

Zit ik meteen vast aan een abonnement?

Nee, je koopt alleen deze samenvatting voor €5,34. Je zit daarna nergens aan vast.

Is Stuvia te vertrouwen?

4,6 sterren op Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)

Afgelopen 30 dagen zijn er 69052 samenvattingen verkocht

Opgericht in 2010, al 15 jaar dé plek om samenvattingen te kopen

Begin nu gratis
€5,34
  • (0)
In winkelwagen
Toegevoegd