Gr 10 GEOGRAPHY Paper 1 study notes was compiled by using at 2019 – 2021 DBE/ SACAI previous examination papers. The notes are compact, colourful and easy to study – giving possible answers directly from the memorandums. Making it perfect for learners with learning barriers or that struggles to...
Previous exam papers were used to compile these notes. SACAI SEP 2019 & 2020. SACAI
NOV 2019 – 2021. These are suggested answers from the memoranda. Some
information is repeated, I want to show you the different ways the same information is
asked.
I encourage you to answer the calculation/illustration questions without even looking at
the answers.
Good luck.Juffrou Ansie
TOPICS
1. The atmosphere
2. Geomorphology
3. MAPWORK
Multiple choice questions.
Cirrus These are high, wispy clouds. Is a cloud type that is feathery in
appearance and indicates cold weather conditions.
Isotherms Lines joining places of equal temperature
Evaporation Process that changes water into water vapour.
Windward The side that faces the ocean in a Föhn wind
Isobars Lines joining places of equal air pressure.
, 2
Leeward The side of the mountain that does not receive rain
Cumulus These clouds look like cotton wool.
Stratus These clouds are layered.
Atmosphere A gaseous layer which envelops the earth.
Dew Form when the earth’s surface reaches dew point temperature
and condensation happens on the earth’s surface.
Ozone depletion C+F+Cl3
Hail Forms when water in clouds reach freezing point.
Snow Form with crystallisation
Air pressure The atmosphere has mass and exerts force on the ground.
Nitrogen, oxygen, Permanent gases found in the atmosphere.
argon.
Reflection The percentage of insolation sent back to the atmosphere
without being absorb.
Basalt Forms when runny/fluid lava from volcanic activity quickly
solidifies on the earth’s surface.
Batholith Biggest igneous intrusion.
Lopolith Bowl shaped igneous intrusion.
Sill Horizontal igneous intrusion.
Fossils The remains of a dead plant or animal, which have been
preserved in rock.
Laccolith Mushroom shaped igneous intrusion.
Coal Organic sedimentary rock.
Granite Type of intrusive igneous rock
Evaporation The process needed to change the phase of water from a liquid
into a gas.
Currents The continuous flow of water in the oceans.
Subsistence Fishermen who catch fish to supply food for their families.
fishermen
Dew Point The temperature at which condensation occur.
temperature
, 3
Condensation The altitude at which condensation occurs.
Level
Overfishing Catching fish faster than they can reproduce.
Drainage basin / Area into which a river and its tributaries drain.
Catchment
Stratosphere A layer in the atmosphere in which the temperature increases
with height.
Water vapour Water vapour is one of the variable gases that plays a vitalrole in
the atmospheric processes.
Metamorphic rock Metamorphic rock is a rock type with a crystalline texture.
Sedimentary rocks Sedimentary rocks are formed from the fragments of other
material that have been compressed to solid rock.
Weather Weather is the condition of the atmosphere at a specific time
and place.
Caldera Caldera is a big crater formed during a violent volcanic
eruption.
Conduction Conduction is the process whereby heat energy is transferred
from one molecule to another as a result of the molecules being
in contact with each other
Orographic/Relief The type of rainfall that forms over a mountain
Richter scale The instrument used to measure the intensity of an earthquake
Anticline An upward fold in the rock
Fault When two plates slide past each other, they produce a crack
Montreal Protocol The agreement to phase out the use of CFCs
Tsunami A series of huge sea waves caused by an earthquake on the
sea floor.
Humidity The amount of water vapour in the air.
Butte ‘A flat-topped hill with a small top.
Earthquake A vibration in the earth’s crust.
Pangaea Greek for ‘all land’
, 4
Condensation Small dust and salt particles on which water vapour condenses.
nuclei
Snow The type of weather indicated by the symbol ‘*’ on a weather
map.
Deforestation Deforestation is a process whereby areas become more arid
Water vapour Relative humidity is the amount of water vapour in the air
relative to the water vapour capacity, expressed as a
percentage
Bending Bending of rocks results due to strong compressional forces from
the sides.
A Mesa A Mesa is a landscape with a large table head
Overthrust fold Overthrust fold is a fold that has fractures and moves along the
fracture or fault.
Rock cycle Rock cycle is the continuous process of forming, breaking down,
and changing one type of rock into another
Dew Point The temperature at which the air is saturated with water vapor is
Temperature known as dew point temperature.
THE ATMOSPHERE
COMPOSITION AND STRUCTURE OF THE ATMOSPHERE (SACAI
NOV 2021)
1. Ozone depletion = Destruction of ozone so holes
form in the ozone layer.
Stratosphere = layer of the atmosphere that is
ozone concentrated
2. Ways in which people contribute to ozone depletion.
• Deforestation
• Using aerosol cans.
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