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By Amy M. Karch – Test Bank
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Focus on Nursing Pharmacology, 6th Edition by Amy
M. Karch – Test Bank
Sample Test
Chapter 3- Toxic Effects of Drugs
1. A nurse is planning patient teaching about a newly prescribed drug. What is a priority teaching poin
nurse to improve compliance and safety?
A) List of pharmacies where the drug can be obtained
B) Measures to alleviate any discomfort associated with adverse effects
C) The cost of the brand name drug compared with the generic form
D) Statistics related to Phase III testing for the prescribed drug
Ans: B
Feedback:
,john
If a patient is aware of certain adverse effects and how to alleviate or decrease the discomfort, he or
to continue taking the medication. A list of pharmacies can be useful information but will not imp
compliance. Knowing the cost of the brand name versus the generic form could also be helpful to the
a substitution may not be allowable and the cost of a drug does not improve patient safety. Most
concerned with the statistics related to drug testing and it would not improve compliance or safety e
was interested in the information.
2. A patient presents at the clinic complaining of vaginal itching and a clear discharge. The patient rep
that she has been taking an oral antibiotic for 10 days. The nurse is aware that the patient is expe
A) An adverse reaction from the antibiotic
B) A drug toxicity effect of the antibiotic
C) An overdose of the drug that is damaging to more than one body system
D) A superinfection caused by the antibiotic, which has destroyed normal flor
Ans: D
Feedback:
Superinfections often occur with antibiotic use because the drug kills normal bacterial flora. This is n
levels of the antibiotic, but rather an effect of the medication that has killed normal flora, which it is
Vaginal itching and a clear discharge are not considered adverse effects of an antibiotic. An overdo
damages more than one body systems is considered drug poisoning.
3. A 42-year-old male patient is brought to the emergency department by ambulance. The patient is in d
suspects an anaphylactic reaction resulting from taking oral penicillin. What assessment findings
making this diagnosis?
A) Blood pressure (BP): 186/100, difficulty breathing
B) Hematocrit (Hct): 32%, decreased urine output
C) Temperature: 102º, swollen joints
D) Profuse sweating, Blood Pressure: 92/58
Ans: A
,john
Feedback:
An anaphylactic reaction is an immune reaction that causes a massive release of histamine, which
and swelling that can lead to respiratory distress and increased blood pressure. A decreased h
decreased urine output suggests a cytotoxic reaction. An increased temperature and swollen joint
serum sickness. Profuse sweating and decreased blood pressure may indicate cardiac-relat
4. A patient with seasonal allergies is taking an antihistamine to relieve itchy, watery eyes, and a run
planning teaching for this patient, the nurse would include what teaching point?
A) Advise the patient to limit fluid intake to dry out mucous membranes.
B) Advise the patient to avoid driving or operating machinery.
C) Advise the patient to report strange dreams or nightmares.
D) Advise the patient to decrease dietary fat.
Ans: B
Feedback:
An adverse effect of antihistamines is drowsiness, so that injury to the patient or others can occ
operating machinery. An increase in fluids would be indicated to help keep nasal membranes moist
dreams to occur when taking medication and it is not necessary to report them. Dietary fat should no
drug metabolism of antihistamines.
5. A nurse is providing teaching to a group of patients who are beginning drug therapy for acquired im
syndrome (AIDS). What should be included in her instructions to the group?
A) “Take your medications as directed. Poisoning occurs with overdosage causing damage t
body system.”
B) “Renal injury results from first-pass effect when the drug is excreted from the sy
C) “A blood dyscrasia due to drug therapy can be serious. Call us if your skin looks yellowish o
itching.”
D) “Most drugs are metabolized in the liver and the first indication of damage is dark red papu
be reported immediately.”
Ans: A
, john
Feedback:
Poisoning resulting from overdosage can lead to the potential for fatal reactions when more than on
affected. Liver, not kidney, injury can be caused by the first-pass effect and can cause the skin to
appearance. Most drugs are metabolized in the liver but liver damage causes jaundice, manifested a
the skin and sclera. Dark red papules appearing on limbs are characteristic of Stevens-Johnson
potentially fatal erythema multiforme exudativum, which should be reported but is not due to li
6. The pharmacology instructor is talking to the nursing students about potassium-sparing diuretics a
lead to hyperkalemia, indicated by what assessment finding?
A) Urine output of 1,500 mL/24 hours
B) Blood pressure of 98/60
C) Potassium level of 5.9 mEq/L
D) Calcium level of 11.4 mg/dL
Ans: C
Feedback:
The normal range of serum potassium for an adult is 3.5 to 5.0 mEq/L. A level higher than 5.0 mE
hyperkalemia. Normal urinary output is between 1,500 and 2,000 cc per day. Urinary output below
would include oliguria and would indicate hyperkalemia. A decrease in blood pressure and puls
hypokalemia. Hyperkalemia refers to an elevated potassium level and not an elevated calc
7. An 80-year-old patient presents at the clinic for a follow-up appointment. She is taking a macrolide
experiencing tinnitus. The nurse is talking with family members about home care for the patient. Wha
include in her instructions regarding home care?
A) Keep the patient in a prone position when in bed.
B) Eliminate salt from the patient’s diet.
C) Provide protective measures to prevent falling or injury.
D) Monitor exposure to sunlight.
Ans: C
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