What are the definitive options for pelvic fracture stabilization and hemorrhage control? - correct answer External Fixation
Interventional Radiology
Open reduction & Internal fixation
How are closed mid-shaft femur fractures managed? - correct answer Intramedullary nail fixation
What m...
SSM TCAR review exam 2024 with 100% correct answers
What are the definitive options for pelvic fracture stabilization and hemorrhage control? - correct answer External Fixation
Interventional Radiology
Open reduction & Internal fixation
How are closed mid-shaft femur fractures managed? - correct answer Intramedullary nail fixation
What makes a fracture comminuted? - correct answer The bone is in multiple pieces
Physiologic criteria for trauma center care? - correct answer SBP<90
Resp rate <10 or >29
GCS <14
What is Kinematics? - correct answer The process of predicting potential injuries based on analysis of the forces involved
Dose of energy is? - correct answer The nature and amount of force
Characteristic of wounding agent? - correct answer Type of energy and how it was applied
Force - correct answer The dose of energy involved
Which gender is the majority of trauma? - correct answer Male
Incidence of trauma peaks at what age? - correct answer Teens and young adult Blunt trauma Classifications include? - correct answer MVA
Auto vs. pedestrian
Falls
Struck by or against an object
Trauma mortality based on organ system failure? - correct answer 1 organ system failure=4%
2 organ system failures=32%
3 organ system failures=67%
4 organ system failures=90%
What are the four collisions? - correct answer 1. The vehicle
2. The occupants
3. The internal organs
4. The secondary impacts
Energy transmission in a rollover depends on? - correct answer Deceleration distance
Energy is dissipated over the distance of the roll and whether or not the occupants are restrained
Car vs pedestrian injuries depend on? - correct answer Point of contact with the care
Height of hood & bumper
Size & weight of vehicle
Height of patient
Direction patient was facing when struck
What is the most common mechanism of injury in all age groups? - correct answer Falls
Factors predicting fall injuries are? - correct answer Fall height (velocity)
Landing surface (deceleration distance) Point of impact on the body
Wound ballistics- permanent cavity - correct answer Cavity is the a function of the size, shape, and characteristic of the missile (mass)
For every second of fall time, speed increases by? - correct answer Speed increases by approximately 20 MPH
Define Shock? - correct answer A state in which cellular oxygen demand exceeds supply
When the cost of tissue oxygen is higher than the body can pay, an oxygen debt develops.
Types of shock per TCAR? - correct answer Pumps-Site of defect heart
Pipes- site of defect is artery, veins or capillaries Fluid-intravascular, interstitial or intracellular
VS in shock? - correct answer Narrow pulse pressure
Tachycardia
Low CO
How many ATP molecules are produced with oxygen & glucose? - correct answer 32 ATP molecules
How many ATP molecules are produced without oxygen? - correct answer 2 ATP molecules
Normal pH? - correct answer Refernce range is 7.35-7.45, but actual normal range is 7.38-7.42
What is the footprint of shock? - correct answer Lactic Acidosis
What 2 things affect the amount of oxygen availalbe to the cells? - correct answer Temperature & pH, which is the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve
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